Frontotemporal Dementia Can Be Distinguished from Alzheimer’s Disease and Subcortical White Matter Dementia by an Anterior-to-Posterior rCBF-SPET Ratio

Sixteen patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), 27 with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease, 25 with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, 19 with subcortical white matter dementia (SWD) and 28 normal controls underwent semiquantitative regional cerebral blood flow measurement (rCBF) using single-photon emission tomography (SPET; 99mTc-HMPAO) and either computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. An anterior-to-posterior rCBF-SPET ratio (mesial superior frontal gyrus/medial temporal lobes) was calculated, which significantly separated the FTD group from the other dementia groups and controls with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of at least 78.6%. CT/MRI was found to be helpful in the differential diagnosis between FTD and SWD. In FTD patients, the mesial superior frontal gyrus, near the polus frontalis, was found to be the region with the most reduced rCBF values.

[1]  S Kobashi,et al.  Frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease: evaluation of cortical atrophy with automated hemispheric surface display generated with MR images. , 1998, Radiology.

[2]  L. Gustafson.  Frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type. II. Clinical picture and differential diagnosis , 1998 .

[3]  Å. Edman,et al.  SYMPTOMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS DISTINGUISH BETWEEN FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA WITH A DOMINANT FRONTAL LOBE SYNDROME , 1997, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.

[4]  S. Scarone,et al.  The selective breakdown of frontal functions in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and in patients with schizophrenia: A double dissociation experimental finding , 1997, Neuropsychologia.

[5]  J. Cummings,et al.  Sensitivity, Specificity, and Positive Predictive Value of Technetium 99-HMPAO SPECT in Discriminating Alzheimer's Disease from other Dementias , 1997, Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology.

[6]  Gregory G. Brown,et al.  Vascular pathology in three cases of progressive cognitive deterioration , 1996, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[7]  P Julin,et al.  Clinical diagnosis of frontal lobe dementia and Alzheimer's disease: relation to cerebral perfusion, brain atrophy and electroencephalography. , 1995, Dementia.

[8]  L. Jacobsson,et al.  A new method for the relative quantification of rCBF examined by 99Tcm-HMPAO SPECT , 1994, Nuclear medicine communications.

[9]  I. Skoog,et al.  The Prevalence of White-Matter Lesions on Computed Tomography of the Brain in Demented and Nondemented 85-Year-Olds , 1994, Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology.

[10]  R. Robinson,et al.  Specificity of changes in cerebral blood flow in patients with frontal lobe dementia. , 1994, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[11]  Clinical and neuropathological criteria for frontotemporal dementia. The Lund and Manchester Groups. , 1994, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[12]  T. Erkinjuntti,et al.  White matter changes in healthy elderly persons correlate with attention and speed of mental processing. , 1993, Archives of neurology.

[13]  K. Blennow,et al.  Heterogeneity of Vascular Dementia: Mechanisms and Subgroups , 1993, Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology.

[14]  A. Brun.  Frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type revisited. , 1993, Dementia.

[15]  D. Neary,et al.  Progressive language dysfunction and lobar atrophy. , 1993, Dementia.

[16]  J. Hodges,et al.  Semantic dementia. Progressive fluent aphasia with temporal lobe atrophy. , 1992, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[17]  A. Brun,et al.  Frontal lobe degeneration of non‐Alzheimer type , 1992, Bailliere's clinical neurology.

[18]  G Marchal,et al.  [Cerebral and cardiovascular aging and brain energy metabolism. Studies with positron-emission tomography in man]. , 1992, Presse medicale.

[19]  William J. Jagust,et al.  Reduced temporal lobe blood flow in alzheimer's disease , 1992, Neurobiology of Aging.

[20]  W. Jagust,et al.  Criteria for the diagnosis of ischemic vascular dementia proposed by the State of California Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centers , 1992, Neurology.

[21]  K. Blennow,et al.  White‐matter lesions on CT in Alzheimer patients: relation to clinical symptomatology and vascular factors , 1991, Acta neurologica Scandinavica.

[22]  K. Blennow,et al.  Subcortical symptoms predominate in vascular dementia , 1991 .

[23]  Douglas G. Altman,et al.  Practical statistics for medical research , 1990 .

[24]  A. Wallin.  [A consensus on dementia diseases (I): Classification and investigation]. , 1990, Lakartidningen.

[25]  H. Tachibana,et al.  Periventricular lucencies on computed tomography in multiple cerebral infarcts: correlation with cerebral blood flow measurements. , 1990, The International journal of neuroscience.

[26]  S. Sakamoto.  [Studies of cerebral blood flow and metabolism in patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type and diagnostic evaluation of the dementing illnesses by positron emission tomography]. , 1990, Nihon Ika Daigaku zasshi.

[27]  D. Neary.  Dementia of Frontal Lobe Type , 1990, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[28]  K. Blennow,et al.  White matter low attenuation on computed tomography in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia – diagnostic and pathogenetic aspects , 1989, Acta neurologica Scandinavica.

[29]  J. Risberg,et al.  Regional cerebral blood flow characteristics and variations with age in resting normal subjects , 1989, Brain and Cognition.

[30]  R. Levy,et al.  The investigation of Alzheimer's disease with single photon emission tomography. , 1989, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[31]  R. Levy,et al.  CBF Tomograms with [99mTc-HM-PAO in Patients with Dementia (Alzheimer Type and HIV) and Parkinson's Disease—Initial Results , 1988, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[32]  J. Risberg.  Frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type. III. Regional cerebral blood flow. , 1987, Archives of gerontology and geriatrics.

[33]  A Brun,et al.  Frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type. I. Neuropathology. , 1987, Archives of gerontology and geriatrics.

[34]  L. Gustafson,et al.  Frontal lobe degeneration of non-Alzheimer type. II. Clinical picture and differential diagnosis. , 1987, Archives of gerontology and geriatrics.

[35]  D. Neary,et al.  Single photon emission tomography using 99mTc-HM-PAO in the investigation of dementia. , 1987, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[36]  T. Erkinjuntti.  Types of multi‐infarct dementia , 1987, Acta neurologica Scandinavica.

[37]  Yasuo Nishihara,et al.  Why do frontal lobe symptoms predominate in vascular dementia with lacunes? , 1986, Neurology.

[38]  S. Folstein,et al.  "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. , 1975, Journal of psychiatric research.

[39]  D. Ingvar,et al.  REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN ORGANIC DEMENTIA WITH EARLY ONSET , 1970 .

[40]  K. Jellinger.  Positron emission tomography in vascular dementia. , 1998, Journal of the neurological sciences.

[41]  P. Goldman-Rakic,et al.  Functional and anatomical aspects of prefrontal pathology in schizophrenia. , 1997, Schizophrenia bulletin.

[42]  岩本俊彦.  Leuko-araiosis と血管性痴呆 , 1996 .

[43]  A. Brun,et al.  Swedish consensus on dementia diseases. , 1994, Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[44]  A. Kumar,et al.  Functional brain imaging in late-life depression and dementia. , 1993, The Journal of clinical psychiatry.

[45]  D. Knopman,et al.  Overview of dementia lacking distinctive histology: pathological designation of a progressive dementia. , 1993, Dementia.

[46]  W. Jagust,et al.  Clinical-physiologic correlates of Alzheimer's disease and frontal lobe dementia. , 1989, American journal of physiologic imaging.

[47]  A. Brun,et al.  Evaluation of organic dementia by regional cerebral blood flow measurements and clinical and psychometric methods. , 1984, Monographs in neural sciences.

[48]  P. Magistretti.  Functional radionuclide imaging of the brain , 1983 .

[49]  J. Risberg,et al.  rCBF measurements by 133Xe inhalation: applications in neuropsychology and psychiatry. , 1981, Progress in nuclear medicine.