Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Immunological Control Mechanisms

Cyclophosphamide (CY) given before immunization causes greatly increased delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions. Increased cell-mediated immunity is associated with depletion of B-lymphocytes from lymphoid tissue and a depression of those lymphocytes whose precursors turn over more rapidly. In the guinea pig, replacement studies showed that the depleted cells were not T-lymphocytes and had immunoglobulin adherent to their surface, a characteristic of B-lymphocytes. Delayed hypersensitivity reactions increased by CY include chemical contact sensitivity, the tuberculin reaction, delayed hypersensitivity to tularemia vaccine and the Jones-Mote reaction to soluble protein antigens. Pretreatment with CY can also increase the antibody response to some antigens, but depress the response to others. In addition, CY has been found to reverse immunological tolerance where this form of unresponsiveness is due to suppressor cells. CY can also enhance the immune response following depression by antigenic competition or desensitization. Other drugs with a similar, but lesser, effect include melphalan, azathioprine and methotrexate.

[1]  K. Drössler,et al.  The influence of cyclophosphamide and 6-mercaptopurine on the IgG1 and IgG2 immune response in guinea-pigs. , 1981, Immunology.

[2]  M. Sugiyama,et al.  Enhancement of delayed hypersensitivity reaction with varieties of anti- cancer drugs. A common biological phenomenon , 1981, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[3]  J. Dwyer,et al.  The effect of cyclophosphamide and role suppressor cells in the desensitization of delayed hypersensitivity. , 1981, Immunology.

[4]  J. Dwyer,et al.  Suppression of delayed hypersensitivity to tuberculin by antigenic competition. A positive immunoregulatory mechanism sensitive to cyclophosphamide. , 1981, Immunology.

[5]  D. Lannin,et al.  Effect of cyclophosphamide on mice bearing methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas. , 1980, Cancer research.

[6]  J. Turk,et al.  Further evidence for non-T-cell regulation of delayed hypersensitivity in the guinea pig. , 1979, Cellular immunology.

[7]  Glaser,et al.  Regulation of specific cell-mediated cytotoxic response against SV40- induced tumor associated antigens by depletion of suppressor T cells with cyclophosphamide in mice , 1979, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[8]  P. Askenase,et al.  Regulation of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions by cyclophosphamide-sensitive T cells. , 1978, Journal of immunology.

[9]  K. Hellström,et al.  Cyclophosphamide delays 3-methylcholanthrene sarcoma induction in mice , 1978, Nature.

[10]  M. Ascher,et al.  Modulation of delayed-type hypersensitivity and cellular immunity to microbial vaccines: effects of cyclophosphamide on the immune response to tularemia vaccine , 1977, Infection and immunity.

[11]  M. Sy,et al.  Immune suppression with supraoptimal doses of antigen in contact sensitivity. I. Demonstration of suppressor cells and their sensitivity to cyclophosphamide. , 1977, Journal of immunology.

[12]  R. Scheper,et al.  The relation between B-cell stimulation and delayed hypersensitivity. The effect of cyclophosphamide pretreatment on antibody production. , 1977, Immunology.

[13]  R. Scheper,et al.  The relation of immune depression and B-cell stimulation during the development of delayed hypersensitivity to soluble antigens. , 1977, Immunology.

[14]  G. Asherson,et al.  Contact sensitivity to picryl chloride: the occurrence of B suppressor cells in the lymph nodes and spleen of immunized mice. , 1976, Cellular immunology.

[15]  J. Turk,et al.  Epicutaneous induction of hyporeactivity in contact sensitization. Demonstration of suppressor cells induced by contact with 2,4-dinitrothiocyanatebenzene. , 1975, Immunology.

[16]  J. Turk,et al.  Reversal by cyclophosphamide of tolerance in contact sensitization. Tolerance induced by prior feeding with DNCB. , 1975, Immunology.

[17]  J. Turk,et al.  B-cell suppression of delayed hypersensitivity reactions , 1974, Nature.

[18]  J. Turk,et al.  Basophilic leukocytes in delayed hypersensitivity reactions. , 1974, Journal of immunology.

[19]  J. Turk,et al.  Reversal of immunological tolerance by cyclophosphamide through inhibition of suppressor cell activity , 1974, Nature.

[20]  P. Lagrange,et al.  POTENTIATION OF T-CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY BY SELECTIVE SUPPRESSION OF ANTIBODY FORMATION WITH CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE , 1974, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[21]  G. Asherson,et al.  Depression of the T Cell Phenomenon of Contact Sensitivity by T Cells from Unresponsive Mice , 1973, Nature.

[22]  J. Turk,et al.  Further studies on B-lymphocyte suppression in delayed hypersensitivity, indicating a possible mechanism for Jones-Mote hypersensitivity. , 1973, Immunology.

[23]  J. Dwyer,et al.  REGULATION OF DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY , 1973, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[24]  J. Trentin,et al.  Differential effects of cyclophosphamide on the B and T cell compartments of adult mice. , 1973, Journal of immunology.

[25]  J. Turk,et al.  Functional aspects of the selective depletion of lymphoid tissue by cyclophosphamide. , 1972, Immunology.

[26]  L. Barron.  Parity and Optical Activity , 1972, Nature.

[27]  J. Turk,et al.  Proportional increase in the theta carrying lymphocytes in peripheral lymphoid tissue following treatment with cyclophosphamide. , 1972, Nature: New biology.

[28]  M. G. Cooper.  Delayed‐Type Hypersensitivity in the Mouse , 1972, Scandinavian journal of immunology.

[29]  J. Turk,et al.  Selective depletion of lymphoid tissue by cyclophosphamide. , 1972, Clinical and experimental immunology.

[30]  P. Liacopoulos,et al.  Inhibition of Delayed Hypersensitivity in Guinea-pigs after Competition between Synthetic Antigens , 1967, Nature.

[31]  H. Geleick,et al.  INHIBITION OF THE CONTACT REACTION TO DINITROCHLOROBENZENE BY INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF DINITROBENZENE SULFONATE IN GUINEA PIGS SENSITIZED TO DINITROCHLOROBENZENE. , 1964, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[32]  A. Branellec,et al.  Repression of Delayed Hypersensitivity to Conjugated Serum Albumin during Immune Paralysis induced in Guinea Pig by Heterologous Proteins , 1963, Nature.

[33]  B. Waksman,et al.  Delayed cutaneous reactions in the rat. , 1962, Journal of immunology.

[34]  J. Uhr,et al.  DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY , 1958, The Journal of Experimental Medicine.

[35]  M. Chase,et al.  Inhibition of Experimental Drug Allergy by Prior Feeding of the Sensitizing Agent , 1946, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.

[36]  J. Turk,et al.  Effects of cyclophosphamide on lymphoid tissues labelled with 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine- 125 I and 51 Cr. , 1972, International archives of allergy and applied immunology.

[37]  H. Maguire,et al.  Enhancement of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) contact sensitization by cyclophosphamide in the guinea pig. , 1967, The Journal of investigative dermatology.