Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy at atmospheric pressure with a table-top laser-induced soft x-ray source

The authors present a table-top soft x-ray absorption spectrometer, accomplishing investigations of the near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) in a laboratory environment. The system is based on a low debris plasma ignited by a picosecond laser in a pulsed krypton gas jet, emitting soft x-ray radiation in the range from 1 to 5 nm. For absorption spectroscopy in and around the “water window” (2.3–4.4 nm), a compact helium purged sample compartment for experiments at atmospheric pressure has been constructed and tested. NEXAFS measurements on CaCl2 and KMnO4 samples were conducted at the calcium and manganese L-edges, as well as at the oxygen K-edge in air, atmospheric helium, and under vacuum, respectively. The results indicate the importance of atmospheric conditions for an investigation of sample hydration processes.

[1]  Holger Stiel,et al.  High resolution x-ray absorption spectroscopy using a laser plasma radiation source , 2004 .

[2]  Matthias Müller,et al.  Emission properties of ns and ps laser-induced soft x-ray sources using pulsed gas jets. , 2013, Optics express.

[3]  D. Rancourt,et al.  Nanogoethite is the dominant reactive oxyhydroxide phase in lake and marine sediments , 2003 .

[4]  Gas cell for in situ soft X-ray transmission-absorption spectroscopy of materials. , 2014, The Review of scientific instruments.

[5]  C. Menoni,et al.  High-brightness injection-seeded soft-x-ray-laser amplifier using a solid target. , 2006, Physical review letters.

[6]  T. Weng,et al.  Towards a comprehensive X-ray approach for studying the photosynthetic manganese complex-XANES, Kα/Kβ/Kβ-satellite emission lines, RIXS, and comparative computational approaches for selected model complexes , 2009 .

[7]  Bright quasi-phase-matched soft-X-ray harmonic radiation from argon ions. , 2007, Physical review letters.

[8]  Tobias Mey,et al.  Table-top soft x-ray microscope using laser-induced plasma from a pulsed gas jet. , 2014, Optics express.

[9]  Frank Barkusky,et al.  Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure measurements using a laboratory-scale XUV source , 2008 .

[10]  H. Padmore,et al.  Soft x‐ray spectroscopy in atmospheric pressure helium , 1992 .

[11]  Igor V. Fomenkov,et al.  EUV discharge light source based on a dense plasma focus operated with positive and negative polarity , 2004 .

[12]  B. Kanngießer,et al.  High average power, highly brilliant laser-produced plasma source for soft X-ray spectroscopy. , 2015, The Review of scientific instruments.

[13]  Andrzej Bartnik,et al.  Desktop water window microscope using a double-stream gas puff target source , 2015 .

[14]  Hans M. Hertz,et al.  Liquid-nitrogen-jet laser-plasma source for compact soft x-ray microscopy , 2005 .

[15]  D. Burdige.  The biogeochemistry of manganese and iron reduction in marine sediments , 1993 .

[16]  H M Hertz,et al.  Compact x-ray microscope for the water window based on a high brightness laser plasma source. , 2012, Optics express.

[18]  B. Yates,et al.  Calcium L-edge XANES study of some calcium compounds. , 2001, Journal of synchrotron radiation.

[19]  Sebastian Kranzusch,et al.  Spatial characterization of extreme ultraviolet plasmas generated by laser excitation of xenon gas targets , 2003 .

[20]  Henryk Fiedorowicz,et al.  Generation of soft X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) using a laser-irradiated gas puff target , 2005 .

[21]  B. L. Henke,et al.  X-Ray Interactions: Photoabsorption, Scattering, Transmission, and Reflection at E = 50-30,000 eV, Z = 1-92 , 1993 .

[22]  H. Hertz,et al.  High‐resolution compact X‐ray microscopy , 2007, Journal of microscopy.

[23]  M. Müller,et al.  Highly repetitive, extreme-ultraviolet radiation source based on a gas-discharge plasma. , 1999, Applied optics.

[24]  S. Godtfredsen,et al.  Ullmann ' s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry , 2017 .

[25]  D. Proch,et al.  A high‐intensity multi‐purpose piezoelectric pulsed molecular beam source , 1989 .

[26]  F. Krausz,et al.  Coherent superposition of laser-driven soft-X-ray harmonics from successive sources , 2007 .

[27]  S. Techert,et al.  Time-resolved near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy on photo-induced phase transitions using a tabletop soft-x-ray spectrometer. , 2012, The Review of scientific instruments.