Analysis of Transcriptome Alterations in Parkinson’s Disease

The information that stems from the primary structure of DNA lies within the basis of every sign formation, although the regulation of any process occurs in different levels of cellular processes including transcription. In this context analysis of gene transcription is of great importance to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of diverse disorders, and Parkinson’s disease (PD) is not an exception. However, each disease has its own unique etiopathogenesis within organs and tissues, which is caused by disease-specific processes in cells, as well as at the genetic level. Knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases at a cellular level opens wide prospects for diagnosis and treatment, even for complex and incurable disorders such as PD. Therefore, it is necessary to study the pathogenesis of specific disease at the cellular and genetic levels. Accordingly, the expression profiles of large numbers of genes are being studied in different neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Although the mechanisms that initiate neuronal pathology in sporadic PD remain largely obscure, in this chapter we have tried to summarize all current knowledge in the field of the PD transcriptomics.