Planning and Operation of Large-Scale Water Distribution System with Hedging Rules

One of the most critical problems that all megacities (cities with more than 10 million people) face today is the shortage of water supply. Finding a solution to this problem presents a great challenge to hydrologists, urban planners and environmentalists. This paper describes the development of an optimization model for planning and operation of a large-scale water supply distribution system. An important characteristic of the model is that it considers the hedging rules during a dry period when water supply is insufficient to meet the planned demand and water shortage occurs. The water distribution system is formulated as a network flow model in terms of nodes and links and solved by the GAMS language, which has access to several linear and nonlinear algorithms. A user friendly interface is developed to facilitate the manipulation of a large amount of data and to generate graphs and tables for analysis for decision makers. The developed methodology has been implemented for the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area Water Distribution System that supplies water to 18 million people. Some preliminary results obtained show good performance of the model.

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