THE ‘LEARNING BUREAUCRACY’: NEW UNITED MOTOR MANUFACTURING, INC

Acknowledgements: The research on which this study is based would not have been possible without the generous cooperation of managers, workers and union officials at NUMMI. Gary Robinson helped transcribe taped interviews with them and discern the key points. This article has benefitted from the comments of several NUMMI people and from the responses of many friends and colleagues: thinking has also been stimulated by the reaction of colleagues to presentations at the USC, Harvard Business School, NYU, UCLA, and UC Berkeley. My thanks to all these people, many of whom still disagree.