The Role of the Coach in Facilitating Positive Youth Development: Moving from Theory to Practice

Sport is suggested as a potentially important and sufficient path for positive youth development. However, how this responsibility is translated by coaching practitioners is not understood. This research investigated whether coaching practitioners desire outcomes for their adolescent athletes that reach beyond on-field success, and incorporate constructs that are associated with positive youth development. Twenty-two participation coaches for adolescent athletes participated in semi-structured interviews. Results suggest that coaches see themselves as responsible for facilitating eight interrelated and interdependent themes that are consistent with the positive youth development literature: competence, confidence, connection, character, life skills, climate, positive affect and, positive psychological capacities.

[1]  M. Weiss Field of Dreams: Sport as a Context for Youth Development , 2008 .

[2]  V. Braun,et al.  Using thematic analysis in psychology , 2006 .

[3]  Chuan-Chung Hsieh Positive leadership: Strategies for extraordinary performance [Book Review] , 2011 .

[4]  Jacqueline V. Lerner,et al.  Using positive youth development to predict contribution and risk behaviors in early adolescence: Findings from the first two waves of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development , 2007 .

[5]  Robyn L. Jones,et al.  Toward an Holistic Understanding of the Coaching Process , 2000 .

[6]  B. Abernethy,et al.  Practice and play in the development of sport expertise. , 2007 .

[7]  유창조 Naturalistic Inquiry , 2022, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Research Design.

[8]  Mike Wallace,et al.  Another bad day at the training ground: Coping with ambiguity in the coaching context , 2005 .

[9]  Tiffanye M. Vargas-Tonsing Coaches' Preferences for Continuing Coaching Education , 2007 .

[10]  David M. Hansen,et al.  What Adolescents Learn in Organized Youth Activities: A Survey of Self-Reported Developmental Experiences. , 2003 .

[11]  D. Gould,et al.  Coaching Life Skills through Football: A Study of Award Winning High School Coaches , 2007 .

[12]  T. Horn Coaching effectiveness in the sport domain. , 2008 .

[13]  S. Jowett,et al.  Diversifying approaches to research on athlete–coach relationships , 2006 .

[14]  C. Carver,et al.  Origins and Functions of Positive and Negative Affect: A Control-Process View. , 1990 .

[15]  D. Gould,et al.  Life skills development through sport: current status and future directions , 2008 .

[16]  R. Larson,et al.  How children and adolescents spend time across the world: work, play, and developmental opportunities. , 1999, Psychological bulletin.

[17]  R. Larson Toward a psychology of positive youth development. , 2000, The American psychologist.

[18]  David M. Hansen,et al.  Amplifiers of developmental and negative experiences in organized activities: Dosage, motivation, lead roles, and adult-youth ratios ☆ , 2007 .

[19]  M. Weiss,et al.  Children’s Self-Perceptions and Sources of Physical Competence Information: A Cluster Analysis , 1997 .

[20]  J. Brooks-Gunn,et al.  What Exactly Is a Youth Development Program? Answers From Research and Practice , 2003 .

[21]  P. Benson,et al.  All Kids Are Our Kids , 1998 .

[22]  N. Barnett,et al.  Enhancement of children's self-esteem through social support training for youth sport coaches. , 1993, The Journal of applied psychology.

[23]  T. Forneris,et al.  The Impact of a Sport-Based Life Skill Program on Adolescent Prosocial Values , 2007 .

[24]  R. Catalano,et al.  Positive Youth Development in the United States: Research Findings on Evaluations of Positive Youth Development Programs , 2004 .

[25]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  The affect system has parallel and integrative processing components: Form follows function. , 1999 .

[26]  J. Fraser-Thomas,et al.  Youth sport programs: an avenue to foster positive youth development , 2005 .

[27]  S. DeLaune,et al.  Learned optimism. , 1993, Aspen's advisor for nurse executives.

[28]  S. Hamilton,et al.  Positive Youth Development: Theory, Research, and Applications† , 2007 .

[29]  Ihirangi Heke,et al.  Enhancing Youth Development Through Sport , 2004 .

[30]  John Lyle,et al.  Sports Coaching Concepts: A Framework for Coaches' Behaviour , 2002 .

[31]  Richard M. Lerner,et al.  Handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development, Vol. 1, 6th ed. , 2006 .

[32]  Wade D. Gilbert,et al.  An Integrative Definition of Coaching Effectiveness and Expertise , 2009 .

[33]  Larry Dossey,et al.  Optimism , 1908, Explore.

[34]  B. Fredrickson What Good Are Positive Emotions? , 1998, Review of general psychology : journal of Division 1, of the American Psychological Association.

[35]  Robyn L. Jones,et al.  Understanding the Coaching Process: A Framework for Social Analysis , 2002 .

[36]  R. Biswas-Diener,et al.  Strengths coaching with leaders , 2009, International Coaching Psychology Review.

[37]  John H. Salmela,et al.  Organizing and Interpreting Unstructured Qualitative Data , 1993 .

[38]  Christopher J. Cushion,et al.  Coach Education and Continuing Professional Development: Experience and Learning to Coach , 2003 .

[39]  J. Cacioppo,et al.  The Affect System , 1999 .

[40]  Christopher J. Cushion,et al.  Locating the coaching process in practice: models ‘for’ and ‘of’ coaching , 2006 .

[41]  B. Fredrickson The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. , 2001, The American psychologist.

[42]  R. Schinke,et al.  CASE STUDY: Understanding and Refining the Resilience of Elite Athletes: An Intervention Strategy , 2002 .

[43]  Lenny D. Wiersma,et al.  Volunteer Youth Sport Coaches' Perspectives of Coaching Education/Certification and Parental Codes of Conduct , 2005, Research quarterly for exercise and sport.

[44]  E. Deci,et al.  The "What" and "Why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior , 2000 .

[45]  Gordon A. Bloom,et al.  Building a Successful University Program: Key and Common Elements of Expert Coaches , 2005 .