Gasification and Chemical-Looping Combustion of a Lignite Char in a Fluidized Bed of Iron Oxide

Gasification and chemical-looping combustion experiments with a lignite (Hambach) char are reported, using an electrically heated fluidized bed in a 25 mm diameter tube at about 1073 K. The fluidizing gas was CO2 in nitrogen, with either batch or continuous feed of char into a bed of sand or particles of Fe2O3. The experiments were also modeled using the two-phase theory of fluidization; a well-mixed particulate phase is assumed, and the bubble flow is augmented by gasification products. This was combined with Langmuir−Hinshelwood (L−H) kinetics of gasification deduced from the experiments on gasification, with CO2, of this char in sand. These L−H kinetics are complex; the rate constants are different for two ranges of partial pressure of CO2: (i) from 0 to 0.05 bar and (ii) from 0.05 to 0.9 bar. The theory gives good predictions of (i) off-gas concentrations of CO and CO2 and (ii) accumulation of carbon in the bed. Combustion also occurred when the char was fed into a bed of Fe2O3 particles fluidized by ...