ATP Release Mediates Fluid Flow–Induced Proliferation of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells

Oscillatory fluid flow induced the vesicular release of ATP from human BMSCs that directly contributes to the induction of BMSC proliferation. Degrading extracellular nucleotides prevents fluid flow–induced increases in intracellular calcium concentration, the activation of calcineurin, and the nuclear translocation of NFAT.

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