Kernel Models for Affective Lexicon Creation

Emotion recognition algorithms for spoken dialogue applications typically employ lexical models that are trained on labeled in-domain data. In this paper, we propose a domainindependent approach to affective text modeling that is based on the creation of an affective lexicon. Starting from a small set of manually annotated seed words, continuous valence ratings for new words are estimated using semantic similarity scores and a kernel model. The parameters of the model are trained using least mean squares estimation. Word level scores are combined to produce sentence-level scores via simple linear and non-linear fusion. The proposed method is evaluated on the SemEval news headline polarity task and on the ChIMP politeness and frustration detection dialogue task, achieving state-of-theart results on both. For politeness detection, best results are obtained when the affective model is adapted using in domain data. For frustration detection, the domain-independent model and non-linear fusion achieve the best performance. Index Terms: language understanding, emotion, affect, affective lexicon