NODE DUPLICATION LOWER BOUNDS FOR THE CAPACITATED ARC ROUTING PROBLEM

It is well-known that the tight lower bounds determine the effectiveness of the brancn and bound method for the NP-hard problems. In this paper, we present a new lower bounding procedure for the capacitated arc routing problem (CARP), one of the arc routing problems. They give the tight lower bounds and it is easy to develop an exact algorithm usinl~ their network structures.