Optimal implant stabilization in low density bone.

Initial stability of the implant is one of the fundamental criteria for obtaining osseointegration. An adequate primary anchorage is often difficult to achieve in low density bone (type IV). Various surgical suggestions were advanced in the 1980s which were aimed at achieving optimal osseous integration in poor quality bone. They offered satisfactory short-term results. Recently, as a result of surgical and technological innovations, new therapeutic proposals have shown very interesting results in their initial studies.

[1]  O. Bahat.  Osseointegrated implants in the maxillary tuberosity: report on 45 consecutive patients. , 1993, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[2]  U Linden,et al.  A retrospective multicenter evaluation of osseointegrated implants supporting overdentures. , 1988, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[3]  P. Trisi,et al.  Bone classification: clinical-histomorphometric comparison. , 1999, Clinical oral implants research.

[4]  C. Bolender,et al.  The applicability of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of partially edentulous patients: three-year results of a prospective multicenter study. , 1993, Quintessence international.

[5]  L Sennerby,et al.  Resonance frequency measurements of implant stability in vivo. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study of resonance frequency measurements on implants in the edentulous and partially dentate maxilla. , 1997, Clinical oral implants research.

[6]  J C Keller,et al.  Optimization of surface micromorphology for enhanced osteoblast responses in vitro. , 1993, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[7]  D. Cochran,et al.  Evaluation of an endosseous titanium implant with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface in the canine mandible: radiographic results. , 1996, Clinical oral implants research.

[8]  L. Jorneus,et al.  The wide fixture: a solution for special bone situations and a rescue for the compromised implant. Part 1. , 1993, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[9]  J. FernándezValerón,et al.  Placement of screw-type implants in the pterygomaxillary-pyramidal region: surgical procedure and preliminary results. , 1997 .

[10]  T. Testori,et al.  A human histologic analysis of osseotite and machined surfaces using implants with 2 opposing surfaces. , 1999, The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry.

[11]  D Buser,et al.  Influence of surface characteristics on bone integration of titanium implants. A histomorphometric study in miniature pigs. , 1991, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[12]  S D Cook,et al.  Hydroxylapatite coating of porous implants improves bone ingrowth and interface attachment strength. , 1992, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[13]  T. Jemt.  Failures and complications in 391 consecutively inserted fixed prostheses supported by Brånemark implants in edentulous jaws: a study of treatment from the time of prosthesis placement to the first annual checkup. , 1992, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[14]  G. Zarb,et al.  Treatment outcomes of patients with implant-supported fixed partial prostheses. , 1998, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[15]  L. Skovgaard,et al.  Anchorage of TiO2-blasted, HA-coated, and machined implants: an experimental study with rabbits. , 1995, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[16]  M Nevins,et al.  The successful application of osseointegrated implants to the posterior jaw: a long-term retrospective study. , 1993, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[17]  D van Steenberghe,et al.  Factors related to success and failure rates at 3-year follow-up in a multicenter study of overdentures supported by Brånemark implants. , 1995, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[18]  D Buser,et al.  Long-term evaluation of non-submerged ITI implants. Part 1: 8-year life table analysis of a prospective multi-center study with 2359 implants. , 1997, Clinical oral implants research.

[19]  M Davarpanah,et al.  Apical-coronal implant position: recent surgical proposals. Technical note. , 2000, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[20]  L Sennerby,et al.  Evaluation of bone density using cutting resistance measurements and microradiography: an in vitro study in pig ribs. , 1995, Clinical oral implants research.

[21]  K. Svartz,et al.  CT-scanning in the preoperative planning of osseointegrated implants in the maxilla. , 1988, International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery.

[22]  R. Jaffin,et al.  The excessive loss of Branemark fixtures in type IV bone: a 5-year analysis. , 1991, Journal of periodontology.

[23]  L Sennerby,et al.  A comparison between cutting torque and resonance frequency measurements of maxillary implants. A 20-month clinical study. , 1999, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[24]  U. Lekholm,et al.  Implant treatment in edentulous maxillae: a 5-year follow-up report on patients with different degrees of jaw resorption. , 1995, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[25]  E. Hunziker,et al.  Effect of surface topology on the osseointegration of implant materials in trabecular bone. , 1995, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[26]  P. Glantz,et al.  Clinical and radiographical features of submerged and nonsubmerged titanium implants. , 1994, Clinical oral implants research.

[27]  I Herrmann,et al.  A multicenter study of overdentures supported by Brånemark implants. , 1993, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[28]  L Sennerby,et al.  Influence of variations in implant diameters: a 3- to 5-year retrospective clinical report. , 1999, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[29]  J. Vermeeren,et al.  Overdentures supported by ITI implants: a 6.5-year evaluation of patient satisfaction and prosthetic aftercare. , 1995, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[30]  U. Lekholm,et al.  Influence of initial implant mobility on the integration of titanium implants. An experimental study in rabbits. , 1996, Clinical oral implants research.

[31]  I Herrmann,et al.  Osseointegrated implants for treatment of partially edentulous jaws: A 5 year prospective multicentre study , 1994 .

[32]  A Schmitt,et al.  The longitudinal clinical effectiveness of osseointegrated dental implants: the Toronto study. Part I: Surgical results. , 1990, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[33]  Tomas Albrektsson,et al.  Osseointegrated Oral implants , 1988 .

[34]  T Albrektsson,et al.  A removal torque and histomorphometric study of commercially pure niobium and titanium implants in rabbit bone. , 1991, Clinical oral implants research.

[35]  I Herrmann,et al.  A 5-year prospective multicenter follow-up report on overdentures supported by osseointegrated implants. , 1996, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[36]  A L Baert,et al.  CT scan standard reconstruction technique for reliable jaw bone volume determination. , 1990, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[37]  R J Lazzara,et al.  A prospective multicenter study evaluating loading of osseotite implants two months after placement: one-year results. , 1998, Journal of esthetic dentistry.

[38]  M. Quirynen,et al.  The influence of titanium abutment surface roughness on plaque accumulation and gingivitis: short-term observations. , 1996, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[39]  D. Sarment,et al.  Five-mm-diameter implants without a smooth surface collar: report on 98 consecutive placements. , 1999, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[40]  B Rangert,et al.  Influence of implant diameters on the integration of screw implants. An experimental study in rabbits. , 1997, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[41]  L Sennerby,et al.  A morphometric and biomechanic comparison of titanium implants inserted in rabbit cortical and cancellous bone. , 1992, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[42]  H. Hansson,et al.  Osseointegrated titanium implants. Requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man. , 1981, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[43]  P I Brånemark,et al.  A 15-year study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. , 1981, International journal of oral surgery.

[44]  A. Scarano,et al.  Localized chronic suppurative bone infection as a sequel of peri-implantitis in a hydroxyapatite-coated dental implant. , 1995, Biomaterials.

[45]  S D Cook,et al.  The effect of surface macrotexture and hydroxylapatite coating on the mechanical strengths and histologic profiles of titanium implant materials. , 1987, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[46]  K. Khor,et al.  Addressing processing problems associated with plasma spraying of hydroxyapatite coatings. , 1996, Biomaterials.

[47]  D Buser,et al.  Bone response to unloaded and loaded titanium implants with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface: a histometric study in the canine mandible. , 1998, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[48]  N Meredith,et al.  Quantitative determination of the stability of the implant-tissue interface using resonance frequency analysis. , 1996, Clinical oral implants research.

[49]  T Jemt,et al.  Early failures in 4,641 consecutively placed Brånemark dental implants: a study from stage 1 surgery to the connection of completed prostheses. , 1991, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[50]  L. Andersson,et al.  Insect bite associated Kaposi's sarcoma with oral lesions. , 1988, International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

[51]  R. Truhlar,et al.  Distribution of bone quality in patients receiving endosseous dental implants. , 1997, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[52]  J. Hirsch,et al.  Biological factors contributing to failures of osseointegrated oral implants. (I). Success criteria and epidemiology. , 1998, European journal of oral sciences.

[53]  D. Brunette,et al.  The effects of implant surface topography on the behavior of cells. , 1988, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[54]  Alfonso Venturelli.  A modified surgical protocol for placing implants in the maxillary tuberosity: clinical results at 36 months after loading with fixed partial dentures. , 1996, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[55]  A H Geering,et al.  Peri-implant mucosal aspects of ITI implants supporting overdentures. A five-year longitudinal study. , 1994, Clinical oral implants research.

[56]  D. Sullivan,et al.  Preliminary results of a multicenter study evaluating a chemically enhanced surface for machined commercially pure titanium implants. , 1997, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[57]  D. Tarnow,et al.  Factors affecting implant mobility at placement and integration of mobile implants at uncovering. , 1998, Journal of periodontology.

[58]  D Buser,et al.  Removal torque values of titanium implants in the maxilla of miniature pigs. , 1998, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[59]  B. d'Hoedt,et al.  The Frialit-2 implant system: five-year clinical experience in single-tooth and immediately postextraction applications. , 1997, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[60]  P. Branemark,et al.  An experimental and clinical study of osseointegrated implants penetrating the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus. , 1984, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[61]  J. Davies,et al.  Mechanisms of endosseous integration. , 1998, The International journal of prosthodontics.

[62]  N. Lang,et al.  Influence of initial implant mobility on the integration of titanium implants. An experimental study in rabbits. , 1996 .

[63]  I Herrmann,et al.  Applicability of osseointegrated oral implants in the rehabilitation of partial edentulism: a prospective multicenter study on 558 fixtures. , 1990, The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.

[64]  T Jemt,et al.  Fixed implant-supported prostheses in the edentulous maxilla. A five-year follow-up report. , 1994, Clinical oral implants research.

[65]  C. Stanford,et al.  Characterizations of titanium implant surfaces. III. , 1994, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[66]  V. Mooney,et al.  Attachment of bone to threaded implants by ingrowth and mechanical interlocking. , 1972, Journal of biomedical materials research.