Template synthesis of gold nanoparticles with an organic molecular cage.

We report a novel strategy for the controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with narrow size distribution (1.9 ± 0.4 nm) through NP nucleation and growth inside the cavity of a well-defined three-dimensional, shape-persistent organic molecular cage. Our results show that both a well-defined cage structure and pendant thioether groups pointing inside the cavity are essential for the AuNP synthesis.

[1]  Chad A Mirkin,et al.  Nanostructures in biodiagnostics. , 2005, Chemical reviews.

[2]  R. Noble,et al.  Highly CO2-selective organic molecular cages: what determines the CO2 selectivity. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[3]  B. Rice,et al.  Predicting trends in rate parameters for self-diffusion on FCC metal surfaces , 2002 .

[4]  Emily V. Carino,et al.  Dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles: New synthetic and characterization methods and catalytic applications , 2011 .

[5]  Yinghua Jin,et al.  Development of organic porous materials through Schiff-base chemistry , 2013 .

[6]  Araz Jakalian,et al.  Fast, efficient generation of high‐quality atomic charges. AM1‐BCC model: I. Method , 2000 .

[7]  R. Jin,et al.  Quantum sized, thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters. , 2010, Nanoscale.

[8]  A. Cooper.  Nanoporous organics enter the cage age. , 2011, Angewandte Chemie.

[9]  U. Simon,et al.  On the application potential of gold nanoparticles in nanoelectronics and biomedicine , 2010, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[10]  D. Astruc,et al.  Gold nanoparticles: assembly, supramolecular chemistry, quantum-size-related properties, and applications toward biology, catalysis, and nanotechnology. , 2004, Chemical reviews.

[11]  Yinghua Jin,et al.  Design strategies for shape-persistent covalent organic polyhedrons (COPs) through imine condensation/metathesis. , 2012, The Journal of organic chemistry.

[12]  James E. Hutchison,et al.  Monolayers in Three Dimensions: NMR, SAXS, Thermal, and Electron Hopping Studies of Alkanethiol Stabilized Gold Clusters , 1995 .

[13]  Mathias Brust,et al.  Synthesis of thiol-derivatised gold nanoparticles in a two-phase liquid-liquid system , 1994 .

[14]  R. Noble,et al.  A shape-persistent organic molecular cage with high selectivity for the adsorption of CO2 over N2. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[15]  F. Vögtle,et al.  Oligothia Dendrimers for the Formation of Gold Nanoparticles , 2004 .

[16]  C. Zhong,et al.  Molecularly mediated processing and assembly of nanoparticles: exploring the interparticle interactions and structures. , 2009, Accounts of chemical research.

[17]  M. Mayor,et al.  Scanning the potential energy surface for synthesis of dendrimer-wrapped gold clusters: design rules for true single-molecule nanostructures. , 2012, ACS nano.

[18]  R. Crooks,et al.  PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 1?2 NM DENDRIMER-ENCAPSULATED GOLD NANOPARTICLES HAVING VERY NARROW SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS , 2004 .

[19]  M. Mastalerz.  Shape-persistent organic cage compounds by dynamic covalent bond formation. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[20]  Jean M. J. Fréchet,et al.  The Dendrimer Effect in Homogeneous Catalysis , 2006 .

[21]  J. Vermant,et al.  Directed self-assembly of nanoparticles. , 2010, ACS nano.

[22]  D. Astruc,et al.  Click dendrimers and triazole-related aspects: catalysts, mechanism, synthesis, and functions. A bridge between dendritic architectures and nanomaterials. , 2012, Accounts of chemical research.

[23]  A. Kakkar,et al.  Shape control in silver metal nanoparticle construction using dumb-bell dendrimers , 2008 .

[24]  R. Crooks,et al.  Dendrimer-encapsulated metal nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and applications to catalysis. , 2001, Accounts of chemical research.

[25]  U. Simon,et al.  Gold nanoparticles: assembly and electrical properties in 1-3 dimensions. , 2005, Chemical Communications.

[26]  Junmei Wang,et al.  Development and testing of a general amber force field , 2004, J. Comput. Chem..

[27]  R. L. Datta,et al.  HALOGENATION. XVI. IODINATION BY MEANS OF NITROGEN IODIDE OR BY MEANS OF IODINE IN THE PRESENCE OF AMMONIA. , 1917 .

[28]  M. Mayor,et al.  Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized by Acetylene‐Functionalized Multidentate Thioether Ligands: Building Blocks for Nanoparticle Superstructures , 2009 .

[29]  C. Aikens,et al.  Electronic Structure of Ligand-Passivated Gold and Silver Nanoclusters. , 2011, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[30]  Richard M Crooks,et al.  Synthesis, characterization, and applications of dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles. , 2005, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[31]  De-en Jiang,et al.  The expanding universe of thiolated gold nanoclusters and beyond. , 2013, Nanoscale.

[32]  Junling Sun,et al.  Polyimine Container Molecules and Nanocapsules , 2011 .

[33]  Wei Zhang,et al.  Microwave-assisted syntheses of highly CO2-selective organic cage frameworks (OCFs) , 2012 .

[34]  Heikki Tenhu,et al.  Recent advances in polymer protected gold nanoparticles: synthesis, properties and applications. , 2007, Chemical communications.

[35]  É. Boisselier,et al.  Encapsulation and stabilization of gold nanoparticles with "click" polyethyleneglycol dendrimers. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[36]  Na Li,et al.  State of the art in gold nanoparticle synthesis , 2013 .

[37]  Marc D. Porter,et al.  Alkanethiolate Gold Cluster Molecules with Core Diameters from 1.5 to 5.2 nm: Core and Monolayer Properties as a Function of Core Size , 1998 .

[38]  D. Reinhoudt,et al.  Formation of gold colloids using thioether derivatives as stabilizing ligands , 2001 .

[39]  G. Whitesides,et al.  Self-Assembly at All Scales , 2002, Science.

[40]  Abbie Trewin,et al.  Porous organic molecules , 2010, Nature Chemistry.

[41]  B. Bauer,et al.  Dendrimer Templates for the Formation of Gold Nanoclusters , 2000 .

[42]  Wei Zhang,et al.  A highly C70 selective shape-persistent rectangular prism constructed through one-step alkyne metathesis. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[43]  F. Westerlund,et al.  Directed assembly of gold nanoparticles , 2009 .

[44]  A. Suzuki,et al.  Role of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers for Preparing Nanoparticles of Gold, Platinum, and Silver , 2000 .

[45]  M. Mayor,et al.  Multidentate thioether ligands coating gold nanoparticles. , 2008, Chemical communications.

[46]  M. Mayor,et al.  Gold nanoparticles stabilized by thioether dendrimers. , 2011, Chemistry.

[47]  Ulrich Simon,et al.  Molecularly stabilised ultrasmall gold nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and bioactivity. , 2013, Nanoscale.