A flexible and low-cost polypropylene pouch for naked-eye detection of herpes simplex viruses.

Effective viral detection is a key goal in the development of point of care (POC) diagnostic devices. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) could potentially be a valuable tool for rapid viral detection and diagnosis in commercial and hospital laboratories and resource limited settings. Here, we present a novel polypropylene pouch (PP) for detection of HSV-1 and HSV-2. With this plastic pouch we could detect up to 6.08 × 10(1) copies per μL of HSV-1 DNA and 0.598 copies per μL of HSV-2 DNA within 45 minutes. Since LAMP itself is less sensitive to inhibitory substances present in the real sample, we could also detect viral DNA without the need for viral DNA extraction and purification. The result from LAMP could be evaluated by naked eye due to the addition of hydroxy naphthol blue (HNB) dye in the reaction mixture. Since this proposed device is easy to handle, portable, user friendly and low cost, it offers a tremendous potential to be a perfect candidate for POC diagnostic device for use in resource limited settings.

[1]  A. Wald,et al.  Rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay to Detect Herpes Simplex Virus in the Genital Tract of Women in Labor , 2010, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[2]  Mohammadali Safavieh,et al.  Real-time electrochemical detection of pathogen DNA using electrostatic interaction of a redox probe. , 2013, The Analyst.

[3]  Z. Brown.  Preventing herpes simplex virus transmission to the neonate. , 2004, Herpes : the journal of the IHMF.

[4]  M. Zourob,et al.  High-throughput real-time electrochemical monitoring of LAMP for pathogenic bacteria detection. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[5]  Masato Saito,et al.  Meat species identification based on the loop mediated isothermal amplification and electrochemical DNA sensor , 2010 .

[6]  Tomohiro Iida,et al.  Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus DNA by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification , 2005, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[7]  Frank A. Gomez,et al.  Paper-based Microfluidic Point-of-care Diagnostic Devices for Monitoring Drug Metabolism , 2013 .

[8]  W. Aldous,et al.  Comparison of Light-Cycler PCR, enzyme immunoassay, and tissue culture for detection of herpes simplex virus. , 2001, Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease.

[9]  D. Kimberlin,et al.  Maternal and Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections , 2013, American Journal of Perinatology.

[10]  Pae C. Wu,et al.  Personalized diagnostics and biosensors: a review of the biology and technology needed for personalized medicine , 2014, Critical reviews in biotechnology.

[11]  J. Kong,et al.  Loop-mediated isothermal amplification integrated on microfluidic chips for point-of-care quantitative detection of pathogens. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[12]  Anna Wald,et al.  Serological testing for herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2 infection. , 2002, Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

[13]  Hui Chen,et al.  Predicting viruses accurately by a multiplex microfluidic loop-mediated isothermal amplification chip. , 2011, Analytical chemistry.

[14]  P. Craw,et al.  Isothermal nucleic acid amplification technologies for point-of-care diagnostics: a critical review. , 2012, Lab on a chip.

[15]  M. Zourob,et al.  Bacteria screening, viability, and confirmation assays using bacteriophage-impedimetric/loop-mediated isothermal amplification dual-response biosensors. , 2013, Analytical chemistry.

[16]  R L Ashley,et al.  The acquisition of herpes simplex virus during pregnancy. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.

[17]  George M. Whitesides,et al.  A Paper-Based Multiplexed Transaminase Test for Low-Cost, Point-of-Care Liver Function Testing , 2012, Science Translational Medicine.

[18]  Eiichi Honda,et al.  Colorimetric detection of loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction by using hydroxy naphthol blue. , 2009, BioTechniques.

[19]  Mohammadali Safavieh,et al.  Microfluidic electrochemical assay for rapid detection and quantification of Escherichia coli. , 2012, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[20]  D. Coen,et al.  Importance of the herpes simplex virus UL24 gene for productive ganglionic infection in mice. , 1998, Virology.

[21]  R. Tellier,et al.  Comprehensive PCR-Based Assay for Detection and Species Identification of Human Herpesviruses , 2000, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[22]  M. Saito,et al.  Electrochemical genosensor for the rapid detection of GMO using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. , 2009, The Analyst.

[23]  Mohammadali Safavieh,et al.  Colorimetric assay for urinary track infection disease diagnostic on flexible substrate , 2012, Other Conferences.

[24]  Takashi Kawana,et al.  Rapid Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection by a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method , 2004, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[25]  Mohammadali Safavieh,et al.  A simple cassette as point-of-care diagnostic device for naked-eye colorimetric bacteria detection. , 2014, The Analyst.

[26]  Paul Yager,et al.  Transport in two-dimensional paper networks , 2011, Microfluidics and nanofluidics.

[27]  D. Kimberlin,et al.  Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. , 2013, Pediatric clinics of North America.

[28]  A. Mathai,et al.  Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the diagnosis of retinitis caused by herpes simplex virus-1 , 2011, Clinical Microbiology and Infection.

[29]  T. Notomi,et al.  Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA. , 2000, Nucleic acids research.

[30]  G. Whitesides,et al.  Diagnostics for the developing world: microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[31]  R. Richards-Kortum,et al.  A paper and plastic device for performing recombinase polymerase amplification of HIV DNA. , 2012, Lab on a chip.

[32]  A. Ferenczy,et al.  The laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections. , 2005, The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale.

[33]  Takashi Kawana,et al.  Tolerance of loop-mediated isothermal amplification to a culture medium and biological substances. , 2007, Journal of biochemical and biophysical methods.

[34]  M. T. McIntosh,et al.  Development of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Capripoxviruses , 2012, Journal of Clinical Microbiology.

[35]  G. Hoekzema,et al.  Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. , 2002, American family physician.

[36]  Y. Mori,et al.  Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP): a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic method for infectious diseases , 2009, Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.