OXYGEN CONSUMPTION DURING SINGING BY MALE CAROLINA WRENS (THRYOTHORUS LUDOVICIANUS)

A technique was developed to measure oxygen consumption during singing in captive male Carolina Wrens (Thryothorus ludovicianus). Oxygen consumption during sing- ing varied between individuals, which may have been a result of variation in singing rates. The average basal rate of metabolism was estimated to be 3.31 cm3 02 g-' h-I from standard metabolism measurements made at night. Oxygen consumption during singing ranged from 9.07 to 28.69 cm3 03 g - h -'. Captive study animals used singing rates similar to wild wrens. A comparison between metabolism during singing and resting showed that the cost of singing in male Carolina Wrens is higher than the costs of other common activities of passerines except flight. Received 31 July 1992, accepted 25 November 1992.

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