Fatores associados ao alto risco cardiovascular segundo o Escore de Framingham: revisão integrativa

Objetivo: investigar na literatura científica os fatores associados ao alto risco cardiovascular de 10 e de 30 anos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada entre julho e novembro de 2021 nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, WoS e EMBASE e no portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Os artigos duplicados foram identificados com o software EndNote e o processo de seleção dos estudos foi apresentado no diagrama da declaração PRISMA. Resultados: foram selecionados 13 artigos com um ou mais fatores associados ao alto risco cardiovascular, segundo o escore de Framingham de 10 anos. Nenhum artigo selecionado investigou os fatores associados ao alto risco de 30 anos. Os maus hábitos alimentares, a baixa posição socioeconômica, a baixa prática de atividade física/sedentarismo, o padrão de sono prejudicado, a adiposidade abdominal, os níveis aumentados do Antígeno Prostático Específico nos homens, a pré-fragilidade em mulheres mais velhas, o estado civil (homem divorciado ou viúvo), a profissão (motorista) e a cor (mulher branca) se associam ao alto risco cardiovascular de 10 anos. Conclusão: fatores de risco que não compõem o escore de Framingham deverão ser investigados durante a coleta de dados de enfermagem visando à implementação de ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde cardiovascular.

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