Tanning as an addictive behavior: a literature review

Background: Recent studies have identified reinforcing properties associated with tanning and suggest a possible physiologic mechanism and addiction driving tanning behavior.

[1]  F. J. McClernon,et al.  IMAGING STUDY: Selectively reduced responses to smoking cues in amygdala following extinction‐based smoking cessation: results of a preliminary functional magnetic resonance imaging study , 2007, Addiction biology.

[2]  J. Dinulos,et al.  Update on sun protection and tanning in children , 2007, Current opinion in pediatrics.

[3]  C. Guinot,et al.  Artificial and natural ultraviolet radiation exposure: beliefs and behaviour of 7200 French adults , 2007, Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV.

[4]  K. Phillips,et al.  Tanning in body dysmorphic disorder. , 2007, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[5]  R. Hornung,et al.  Tanning Device Usage: What Are Parents Thinking? , 2007, Pediatric dermatology.

[6]  N. Volkow,et al.  Structural and metabolic brain changes in the striatum associated with methamphetamine abuse. , 2007, Addiction.

[7]  N. Volkow,et al.  Imaging the Addicted Human Brain , 2007, Science & practice perspectives.

[8]  R. Hornung,et al.  UV light abuse and high-risk tanning behavior among undergraduate college students. , 2007, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[9]  J. Gerevich,et al.  Alcohol problems in adolescents and young adults , 2007, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.

[10]  Nora D. Volkow,et al.  Effects of expectation on the brain metabolic responses to methylphenidate and to its placebo in non-drug abusing subjects , 2006, NeuroImage.

[11]  Ken Graap,et al.  A preliminary report on the use of virtual reality technology to elicit craving and cue reactivity in cocaine dependent individuals. , 2006, Addictive behaviors.

[12]  Jason D. Robinson,et al.  A psychometric evaluation of cigarette stimuli used in a cue reactivity study. , 2006, Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

[13]  S. Danoff-Burg,et al.  Predictors of Tanning Salon Use , 2006, Journal of health psychology.

[14]  S. Feldman,et al.  Plasma beta-endorphin levels in frequent and infrequent tanners before and after ultraviolet and non-ultraviolet stimuli. , 2006, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[15]  R. Widome,et al.  Do adolescent indoor tanners exhibit dependency? , 2006, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[16]  S. Feldman,et al.  Induction of withdrawal-like symptoms in a small randomized, controlled trial of opioid blockade in frequent tanners. , 2006, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[17]  C. Conklin Environments as cues to smoke: implications for human extinction-based research and treatment. , 2006, Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology.

[18]  D. Drobes,et al.  Reactivity to in vivo smoking cues in older adolescent cigarette smokers. , 2006, Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

[19]  Louette R. Johnson Lutjens Research , 2006 .

[20]  R. Turrisi,et al.  Association of frequent indoor UV tanning with seasonal affective disorder. , 2005, Archives of dermatology.

[21]  S. Feldman,et al.  Indoor tanning relieves pain , 2005, Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine.

[22]  N. Volkow,et al.  PET imaging in clinical drug abuse research. , 2005, Current pharmaceutical design.

[23]  P. Skudlarski,et al.  Neural activity associated with stress-induced cocaine craving: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study , 2005, Psychopharmacology.

[24]  Heidi Johansen-Berg,et al.  Ventral Striatum/Nucleus Accumbens Activation to Smoking-Related Pictorial Cues in Smokers and Nonsmokers: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study , 2005, Biological Psychiatry.

[25]  Brenda K. Wiederhold,et al.  A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Study of Cue-Induced Smoking Craving in Virtual Environments , 2005, Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback.

[26]  W. van den Brink,et al.  Substance use disorders and the orbitofrontal cortex: systematic review of behavioural decision-making and neuroimaging studies. , 2005, The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science.

[27]  R. Wagner,et al.  UV light tanning as a type of substance-related disorder. , 2005, Archives of dermatology.

[28]  J. Frost,et al.  Imaging Brain Mu-Opioid Receptors in Abstinent Cocaine Users: Time Course and Relation to Cocaine Craving , 2005, Biological Psychiatry.

[29]  R. Riascos,et al.  PET and SPECT in Drug and Substance Abuse , 2005, Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI.

[30]  C. Chiamulera Cue reactivity in nicotine and tobacco dependence: a “multiple-action” model of nicotine as a primary reinforcement and as an enhancer of the effects of smoking-associated stimuli , 2005, Brain Research Reviews.

[31]  Nora D. Volkow,et al.  The addicted human brain viewed in the light of imaging studies: brain circuits and treatment strategies , 2004, Neuropharmacology.

[32]  F. J. McClernon,et al.  Human functional neuroimaging in nicotine and tobacco research: basics, background, and beyond. , 2004, Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

[33]  K. Emmons,et al.  Characteristics associated with use or intention to use indoor tanning among adolescents. , 2004, Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine.

[34]  C. Gwaltney,et al.  Effects of tobacco deprivation on alcohol cue reactivity and drinking among young adults. , 2004, Addictive behaviors.

[35]  S. Feldman,et al.  Ultraviolet exposure is a reinforcing stimulus in frequent indoor tanners. , 2004, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[36]  S. Thomas,et al.  Reactivity to smoking cues in adolescent cigarette smokers. , 2004, Addictive behaviors.

[37]  Paul M. Thompson,et al.  Structural Abnormalities in the Brains of Human Subjects Who Use Methamphetamine , 2004, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[38]  C. Gwaltney,et al.  Cognitive and social learning models of drug dependence: implications for the assessment of tobacco dependence in adolescents. , 2004, Addiction.

[39]  Yu-Shin Ding,et al.  Expectation Enhances the Regional Brain Metabolic and the Reinforcing Effects of Stimulants in Cocaine Abusers , 2003, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[40]  Nick C Fox,et al.  Computer-assisted imaging to assess brain structure in healthy and diseased brains , 2003, The Lancet Neurology.

[41]  T. Gambichler,et al.  Plasma levels of opioid peptides after sunbed exposures , 2002, The British journal of dermatology.

[42]  E. Farmer,et al.  Awareness of the risks of tanning lamps does not influence behavior among college students. , 2002, Archives of dermatology.

[43]  D. Abrams,et al.  Effect of different cue stimulus delivery channels on craving reactivity: comparing in vivo and video cues in regular cigarette smokers. , 2001, Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry.

[44]  S. le Cessie,et al.  Total body exposure to ultraviolet radiation does not influence plasma levels of immunoreactive β‐endorphin in man , 2001, Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine.

[45]  K. Phillips,et al.  A Screening Questionnaire for Body Dysmorphic Disorder in a Cosmetic Dermatologic Surgery Practice , 2001, Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.].

[46]  D. Castle,et al.  A Clinical Validation of the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire , 2001, The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry.

[47]  K. Phillips,et al.  Rate of body dysmorphic disorder in dermatology patients. , 2000, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[48]  J S Fowler,et al.  Addiction, a disease of compulsion and drive: involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex. , 2000, Cerebral cortex.

[49]  B. Carter,et al.  Meta-analysis of cue-reactivity in addiction research. , 1999, Addiction.

[50]  K O Lim,et al.  A controlled study of cortical gray matter and ventricular changes in alcoholic men over a 5-year interval. , 1998, Archives of general psychiatry.

[51]  N. Volkow,et al.  Addiction and imaging of the living human brain. , 1998, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[52]  D. Abrams,et al.  Scripted imagery manipulations and smoking cue reactivity in a clinical sample of self-quitters. , 1998, Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology.

[53]  S A Saeed,et al.  Seasonal affective disorders. , 1998, American family physician.

[54]  D. Abrams,et al.  Individual differences in cue reactivity among smokers trying to quit: effects of gender and cue type. , 1998, Addictive behaviors.

[55]  B. Sadock,et al.  Kaplan and Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry , 1998 .

[56]  T. Beasley,et al.  Factors that Influence Health Risk Behaviors Among Tanning Salon Patrons , 1997, Evaluation & the health professions.

[57]  K O Lim,et al.  Longitudinal changes in magnetic resonance imaging brain volumes in abstinent and relapsed alcoholics. , 1995, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[58]  M. Goldman,et al.  Expectancy for social facilitation from drinking: the divergent paths of high-expectancy and low-expectancy adolescents. , 1995, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[59]  K O Lim,et al.  Brain gray and white matter volume loss accelerates with aging in chronic alcoholics: a quantitative MRI study. , 1992, Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research.

[60]  M. Goldman,et al.  The Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire: an instrument for the assessment of adolescent and adult alcohol expectancies. , 1987, Journal of studies on alcohol.

[61]  J. Ewing,et al.  Detecting alcoholism. The CAGE questionnaire. , 1984, JAMA.

[62]  M. Devgun Harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation , 1984 .

[63]  B. Thiers Central Role of p53 in the Suntan Response and Pathologic Hyperpigmentation , 2008 .

[64]  Dean F. Wong,et al.  Positron emission tomography--a tool for identifying the effects of alcohol dependence on the brain. , 2003 .

[65]  J C Gore,et al.  Functional magnetic resonance imaging of cocaine craving. , 2001, The American journal of psychiatry.

[66]  M. Ernst,et al.  Brain imaging studies of cocaine abuse: implications for medication development. , 1999, Critical reviews in neurobiology.

[67]  M. Weinstock,et al.  Do tanning lamps cause melanoma? An epidemiologic assessment. , 1998, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

[68]  P. Brantley,et al.  Predicting smoking stage of change among a sample of low socioeconomic status, primary care outpatients: Replication and extension using decisional balance and self-efficacy theories , 1998, International journal of behavioral medicine.

[69]  J S Fowler,et al.  Cocaine addiction: hypothesis derived from imaging studies with PET. , 1996, Journal of addictive diseases.

[70]  Dennis M. Donovan,et al.  Assessment of addictive behaviors. , 1988 .

[71]  W. Velicer,et al.  Predicting change in smoking status for self-changers. , 1985, Addictive behaviors.

[72]  J O Prochaska,et al.  Self change processes, self efficacy and decisional balance across five stages of smoking cessation. , 1984, Progress in clinical and biological research.