Whose Science Do You Believe? Explaining Trust in Sources of Scientific Information About the Environment

Given that trust plays a key role in the communication of scientific information about the environment to the public, this study examines what explains trust in specific sources of such information. In doing so, it analyzes whether—and, if so, how—political ideology, support for environmental regulation, religiosity, trust in people, and trust in government predict trust in scientists, the Environmental Protection Agency, environmental organizations, news media, and science media. It also examines whether trust in scientists is associated with trust in the other sources in light of how each of the latter draws on the credibility of the former.

[1]  W. Rahn,et al.  Individual-Level Evidence for the Causes and Consequences of Social Capital , 1997 .

[2]  J. Tickner,et al.  The politics of precaution in the United States and the European union , 2001 .

[3]  R. J. Bord,et al.  Risk Perceptions, General Environmental Beliefs, and Willingness to Address Climate Change , 1999 .

[4]  Matthew C. Nisbet,et al.  Understanding citizen perceptions of science controversy: bridging the ethnographic—survey research divide , 2007 .

[5]  Stephen B. Thomas,et al.  Distrust, race, and research. , 2002, Archives of internal medicine.

[6]  Arnold Vedlitz,et al.  Personal Efficacy, the Information Environment, and Attitudes Toward Global Warming and Climate Change in the United States , 2008, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[7]  D. Brossard,et al.  Do Citizens Want to Have Their Say? Media, Agricultural Biotechnology, and Authoritarian Views of Democratic Processes in Science , 2003 .

[8]  Jonathan Jackson,et al.  Social Values and the Governance of Science , 2005, Science.

[9]  M. Boykoff,et al.  Balance as bias: global warming and the US prestige press☆ , 2004 .

[10]  Michael D. Cobb,et al.  Public perceptions about nanotechnology: Risks, benefits and trust , 2004, Emerging Technologies: Ethics, Law and Governance.

[11]  David A. Jones Why Americans Don’t Trust the Media , 2004 .

[12]  Marieta P. Staneva,et al.  Determinants of support for climate change policies in Bulgaria and the USA , 1999 .

[13]  Robert E. O'Connor,et al.  Determinants of Risk Perceptions of a Hazardous Waste Site , 1992 .

[14]  R. Dunlap,et al.  The Social Bases of Environmental Concern: A Review of Hypotheses, Explanations and Empirical Evidence , 1980 .

[15]  Teresa A. Myers,et al.  The Polls—Trends Twenty Years of Public Opinion about Global Warming , 2007 .

[16]  S. Quinn,et al.  African Americans' views on research and the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. , 2001, Social science & medicine.

[17]  A. Mazur,et al.  Sounding the Global Alarm: Environmental Issues in the US National News , 1993 .

[18]  S. Priest,et al.  Understanding public support for stem cell research: media communication, interpersonal communication and trust in key actors , 2009 .

[19]  Craig O. Stewart,et al.  Beliefs About Science and News Frames in Audience Evaluations of Embryonic and Adult Stem Cell Research , 2009 .

[20]  Bruce V. Lewenstein,et al.  Knowledge, Reservations, or Promise? , 2002, Commun. Res..

[21]  Susanna Hornig Priest,et al.  The “Trust Gap” Hypothesis: Predicting Support for Biotechnology Across National Cultures as a Function of Trust in Actors , 2003, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[22]  M. Sherif,et al.  The psychology of attitudes. , 1946, Psychological review.

[23]  Assessing Americans' Opinions About the News Media's Fairness in 1996 and 1998 , 2001 .

[24]  Susanna Hornig Priest Misplaced Faith , 2001 .

[25]  Ortwin Renn,et al.  Trust and credibility in risk communication , 1989 .

[26]  J. Besley,et al.  Media Attention and Exposure in Relation to Support for Agricultural Biotechnology , 2005 .

[27]  Marc J. Hetherington,et al.  The Political Relevance of Political Trust , 1998, American Political Science Review.

[28]  Susanna Hornig,et al.  Television's 'Nova' and the construction of scientific truth , 1990 .

[29]  S. Jasanoff,et al.  The Fifth Branch: Science Advisers as Policymakers. , 1991 .

[30]  Aaron M. McCright,et al.  Challenging global warming as a social problem: An analysis of the conservative movement's counter-claims , 2000 .

[31]  Bruce V. Lewenstein,et al.  Public Attitudes toward Emerging Technologies , 2005 .

[32]  Stephen Earl Bennett,et al.  "Video Malaise" Revisited , 1999 .

[33]  T. Pinch,et al.  The Social Construction of Facts and Artefacts: or How the Sociology of Science and the Sociology of Technology might Benefit Each Other , 1984 .

[34]  Russ Lopez,et al.  Toxic Exposures: Contested Illnesses and the Environmental Health Movement , 2009 .

[35]  Franziska Marquart,et al.  Communication and persuasion : central and peripheral routes to attitude change , 1988 .

[36]  M. Siegrist,et al.  Trust, risk perception and the TCC model of cooperation , 2007 .

[37]  Andrew Kohut,et al.  Scientific Achievements Less Prominent Than A Decade Ago Public Praises Science; Scientists Fault Public Media , 2009 .

[38]  Bruce V. Lewenstein,et al.  Biotechnology and the American Media , 2002 .

[39]  C. K. Mertz,et al.  Gender, race, and perception of environmental health risks. , 1994, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[40]  P. Simmons,et al.  Reframing nuclear power in the UK energy debate: nuclear power, climate change mitigation and radioactive waste , 2008, Public understanding of science.

[41]  R. Dunlap,et al.  THE SOCIAL BASES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN , 1992 .

[42]  E. Uslaner The Moral Foundations of Trust , 2002 .

[43]  Wouter Poortinga,et al.  Exploring the Dimensionality of Trust in Risk Regulation , 2003, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[44]  S. Lichter,et al.  IS ENVIRONMENTAL CANCER A POLITICAL DISEASE? , 1995 .

[45]  Lucien Hanssen,et al.  Trust in governance and the acceptance of genetically modified food in the Netherlands , 2006 .

[46]  M. Greenberg,et al.  A Question of Quality: How Journalists and News Sources Evaluate Coverage of Environmental Risk , 1990 .

[47]  Robert E. O'Connor,et al.  In what sense does the public need to understand global climate change? , 2000 .

[48]  Matthew C. Nisbet,et al.  The Competition for Worldviews: Values, Information, and Public Support for Stem Cell Research , 2005 .

[49]  Aaron M. McCright,et al.  Defeating Kyoto: The conservative movement's impact on U.S. climate change policy , 2003 .

[50]  Barbara L. Ley From Pink to Green: Disease Prevention and the Environmental Breast Cancer Movement , 2009 .

[51]  Arthur H. Miller,et al.  Type-Set Politics: Impact of Newspapers on Public Confidence * , 1979 .

[52]  J. Cappella,et al.  Spiral of Cynicism: The Press and the Public Good , 1997 .

[53]  Dominique Brossard,et al.  Pathways to Political Participation? Religion, Communication Contexts, and Mass Media , 2003 .

[54]  Shirley S. Ho,et al.  Effects of Value Predispositions, Mass Media Use, and Knowledge on Public Attitudes Toward Embryonic Stem Cell Research , 2008 .

[55]  M. G. Morgan,et al.  What Do People Know About Global Climate Change? 1. Mental Models , 1994 .

[56]  W. Rahn,et al.  Social Trust and Value Change: The Decline of Social Capital in American Youth, 1976-1995 , 1998 .

[57]  D. Lach,et al.  Gender Differences in Support for Scientific Involvement in U.S. Environmental Policy , 2010 .

[58]  Ariel Malka,et al.  The Association of Knowledge with Concern About Global Warming: Trusted Information Sources Shape Public Thinking , 2009, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[59]  Thomas Dietz,et al.  The effects of information and state of residence on climate change policy preferences , 2008 .

[60]  Tien-Tsung Lee,et al.  The Liberal Media Myth Revisited: An Examination of Factors Influencing Perceptions of Media Bias , 2005 .

[61]  Dominique Brossard,et al.  Deference to Scientific Authority Among a Low Information Public: Understanding U.S. Opinion on Agricultural Biotechnology , 2006 .

[62]  T. Rudolph,et al.  The origins and consequences of public trust in government: a time series analysis. , 2000, Public opinion quarterly.

[63]  A. Fried Why Trust Matters: Declining Political Trust and the Demise of American Liberalism , 2006, Perspectives on Politics.

[64]  D. Mark,et al.  Selling Science: How the Press Covers Science and Technology , 1995 .

[65]  R. Dunlap,et al.  Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale , 2000 .

[66]  Ortwin Renn,et al.  Credibility and trust in risk communication , 1991 .