Optimal renewable resources placement in distribution networks by combined power loss index and whale optimization algorithms

Abstract Distributed generator (DG) resources are the emerging micro-generating technologies such as fuel cells, micro turbines, IC engines. They also make use of renewable energy sources such as PV arrays and wind turbines. DG units have low emission rates and are environment friendly and economical. Power loss reductions, voltage profile improvement and increasing reliability are some advantages of DG units. The above benefits can be achieved by optimal placement of DGs. Optimal DG locations are obtained from power loss index method. A novel meta heuristic algorithm called whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is used to determine the optimal DG-unit's size in this paper. WOA modeled based on the unique hunting behavior of humpback whales. The WOA algorithm is tested on IEEE 15-bus, 33-bus, 69-bus, 85-bus and 118-bus test systems. The results obtained by the proposed WOA algorithm was compared with different types of DGs and other evolutionary algorithms. When compared with other algorithms the WOA algorithm gives better results. From the analysis best results have been achieved from type III DG operating at 0.9 pf.

[1]  Nadarajah Mithulananthan,et al.  Analytical Expressions for DG Allocation in Primary Distribution Networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[2]  Srinivasa Rao Gampa,et al.  Optimum placement and sizing of DGs considering average hourly variations of load , 2015 .

[3]  N. Zareen,et al.  A review of optimum DG placement based on minimization of power losses and voltage stability enhancement of distribution system , 2016 .

[4]  A. K. Singh,et al.  Novel sensitivity factors for DG placement based on loss reduction and voltage improvement , 2016 .

[5]  Amir Ameli,et al.  A Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization for Sizing and Placement of DGs from DG Owner's and Distribution Company's Viewpoints , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[6]  Dheeraj Kumar Khatod,et al.  Optimal allocation of combined DG and capacitor for real power loss minimization in distribution networks , 2013 .

[7]  Sajjad Golshannavaz.  Optimal simultaneous siting and sizing of DGs and capacitors considering reconfiguration in smart automated distribution systems , 2014, J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst..

[8]  Mehdi Rahmani-andebili,et al.  Simultaneous placement of DG and capacitor in distribution network , 2016 .

[9]  Mohammad Hassan Moradi,et al.  Optimal multi objective placement and sizing of multiple DGs and shunt capacitor banks simultaneously considering load uncertainty via MOPSO approach , 2015 .

[10]  Farzad Razavi,et al.  Optimal sizing and siting distributed generation resources using a multiobjective algorithm , 2013 .

[11]  I. Musirin,et al.  Assessing the performance of DG in distribution network , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference Melaka, Malaysia.

[12]  C. Lakshminarayana,et al.  Optimal siting of capacitors in radial distribution network using Whale Optimization Algorithm , 2017 .

[13]  M.H. Moradi,et al.  A combination of Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization for optimal DG location and sizing in distribution systems , 2010, 2010 Conference Proceedings IPEC.

[14]  Hamid Lesani,et al.  Assessing the performance and benefits of customer distributed generation developers under uncertain , 2011 .

[15]  V. C. Veera Reddy,et al.  Application of flower pollination algorithm for optimal placement and sizing of distributed generation in Distribution systems , 2016 .

[16]  Roohollah Fadaeinedjad,et al.  Energy Loss Minimization in Distribution Systems Utilizing an Enhanced Reconfiguration Method Integrating Distributed Generation , 2015, IEEE Systems Journal.

[17]  Attia A. El-Fergany,et al.  Study impact of various load models on DG placement and sizing using backtracking search algorithm , 2015, Appl. Soft Comput..

[18]  Hortensia Amaris,et al.  Integration of renewable energy sources in smart grids by means of evolutionary optimization algorithms , 2012, Expert Syst. Appl..

[19]  Zhengcai Fu,et al.  An improved TS algorithm for loss-minimum reconfiguration in large-scale distribution systems , 2007 .

[20]  Lennart Söder,et al.  Distributed generation : a definition , 2001 .

[21]  Sandeep Kaur,et al.  A MINLP technique for optimal placement of multiple DG units in distribution systems , 2014 .

[22]  Walid El-Khattam,et al.  Optimal sizing and siting of distributed generators using Big Bang Big Crunch method , 2014, 2014 49th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC).

[23]  M. E. El-Hawary,et al.  Optimal Distributed Generation Allocation and Sizing in Distribution Systems via Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[24]  I. Musirin,et al.  Effect of population size for DG installation using EMEFA , 2013, 2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOCO).

[25]  Nadarajah Mithulananthan,et al.  AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR DG ALLOCATION IN PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION NETWORK , 2006 .

[26]  M. E. Baran,et al.  Optimal sizing of capacitors placed on a radial distribution system , 1989 .

[27]  Bikash Das,et al.  DG placement in radial distribution network by symbiotic organisms search algorithm for real power loss minimization , 2016, Appl. Soft Comput..

[28]  M. M. Aman,et al.  Optimal placement and sizing of a DG based on a new power stability index and line losses , 2012 .

[29]  Igor Papic,et al.  Assessment of maximum distributed generation penetration levels in low voltage networks using a probabilistic approach , 2015 .

[30]  Amin Khodabakhshian,et al.  Simultaneous placement and sizing of DGs and shunt capacitors in distribution systems by using IMDE algorithm , 2016 .

[31]  Javad Olamaei,et al.  Optimal placement and sizing of DG (distributed generation) units in distribution networks by novel hybrid evolutionary algorithm , 2013 .

[32]  Ashwani Kumar,et al.  Mesh distribution system analysis in presence of distributed generation with time varying load model , 2014 .

[33]  Chun-Lien Su,et al.  Stochastic Evaluation of Voltages in Distribution Networks With Distributed Generation Using Detailed Distribution Operation Models , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[34]  Andrew Lewis,et al.  The Whale Optimization Algorithm , 2016, Adv. Eng. Softw..

[35]  Ali Kaveh,et al.  Enhanced whale optimization algorithm for sizing optimization of skeletal structures , 2017 .

[36]  Hossein Nezamabadi-pour,et al.  An Improved Multi-Objective Harmony Search for Optimal Placement of DGs in Distribution Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.