Electron Microscopy of Tissue Sections

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the application of ultrathin sectioning techniques to electron microscopy and describes the fixation of tissues. Fixatives containing mercuric chloride or high concentrations of strong acids induce gross artifacts, such as fiber or fibril formation in protoplasm. The advantages of osmic acid are that, in addition to its excellence as a fixing agent, it serves in a sense as a stain as well, impregnating lipid-containing substances and thus, increasing contrast. It also hardens tissues to a degree, which tends to decrease the chances of morphologic change during the processes of dehydration and embedding. One of the unfavorable features of osmic acid is its poor penetrating power. There are many opportunities for the introduction of artifact in the preparation of tissues for electron microscopy, and it is apparent that the possibility of the presence of artifact must be considered in interpreting electron micrographs of the majority of cell and tissue components.

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