To know or not to know: influence of explicit advance knowledge of occlusion on interceptive actions

This study examined how explicit advance knowledge might influence adaptive behavior to visual occlusions. Catching performance and kinematics of good ball catchers were compared between no, early and late occlusion trials. Discrete visual occlusions of 400 ms, occurring early or late in the ball’s approach trajectory, were randomly interspersed between no occlusion trials. In one condition, the presence and type of occlusion were announced a priori (expected), whereas in another condition no such information was provided (unexpected). Expectation of occlusion resulted in an adapted limb transport and increased grasping time, whereas in the unexpected condition a higher peak of wrist velocity was evident for all occlusion conditions. The observed different adaptations cannot be explained by trial-by-trial adaptations alone and instead provide evidence for the influence of explicit advance knowledge in the motor response of interceptive actions.

[1]  Lorraine G. Kisselburgh,et al.  Rapid visual feedback processing in single-aiming movements. , 1983, Journal of motor behavior.

[2]  Toshio Inui,et al.  The effect of viewing the moving limb and target object during the early phase of movement on the online control of grasping. , 2006, Human movement science.

[3]  G. Barnes,et al.  Oculomotor prediction of accelerative target motion during occlusion: long-term and short-term effects , 2010, Experimental Brain Research.

[4]  G. Montagne,et al.  The control and coordination of one-handed catching: the effect of temporal constraints , 1994, Experimental Brain Research.

[5]  Melvyn A. Goodale,et al.  Updating the programming of a precision grip is a function of recent history of available feedback , 2009, Experimental Brain Research.

[6]  Ken Nakayama,et al.  Automatic adjustment of visuomotor readiness. , 2007, Journal of vision.

[7]  Accepted April,et al.  Factors affecting higher-order movement planning: a kinematic analysis of human prehension , 1991 .

[8]  H T Whiting,et al.  Exposure and occluded duration effects in a ball-catching skill. , 1974, Journal of motor behavior.

[9]  Susanne Huber,et al.  Controlling reaching movements with predictable and unpredictable target motion in 10-year-old children and adults , 2007, Experimental Brain Research.

[10]  Vincenzo Maffei,et al.  Extrapolation of vertical target motion through a brief visual occlusion , 2010, Experimental Brain Research.

[11]  D. Elliott,et al.  The influence of visual target and limb information on manual aiming. , 1988, Canadian journal of psychology.

[12]  J. Smeets,et al.  The relation between task history and movement strategy , 2002, Behavioural Brain Research.

[13]  D. Elliott,et al.  The role of target information on manual-aiming bias , 1995, Psychological Research.

[14]  H. Whiting,et al.  Visual occlusion factors in a discrete ball-catching task. , 1974, Journal of motor behavior.

[15]  A. Patla,et al.  Strategies for dynamic stability during locomotion on a slippery surface: effects of prior experience and knowledge. , 2002, Journal of neurophysiology.

[16]  Melvyn A. Goodale,et al.  Grasping future events: explicit knowledge of the availability of visual feedback fails to reliably influence prehension , 2008, Experimental Brain Research.

[17]  L. Carlton.  Processing visual feedback information for movement control. , 1981, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[18]  M. Posner,et al.  Processing of visual feedback in rapid movements. , 1968, Journal of experimental psychology.

[19]  F. Lacquaniti,et al.  Adaptation to suppression of visual information during catching , 1989, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[20]  Daniel B. Willingham,et al.  A Neuropsychological Theory of Motor Skill Learning , 2004 .

[21]  D. Elliott,et al.  The influence of advance information about target location and visual feedback on movement planning and execution. , 2006, Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale.

[22]  Jeroen B. J. Smeets,et al.  Multiple information sources in interceptive timing , 1997 .

[23]  G. J. Savelsbergh,et al.  Grasping tau. , 1991, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[24]  G. Fullerton.  Psychology and physiology. , 1896 .

[25]  A. V. van Soest,et al.  Are fast interceptive actions continuously guided by vision? Revisiting Bootsma and van Wieringen (1990). , 2010, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[26]  Gilles Montagne,et al.  Spatial and Temporal Adaptations That Accompany Increasing Catching Performance During Learning , 2007, Journal of motor behavior.

[27]  C Button,et al.  Mechanical perturbation of the wrist during one-handed catching. , 2000, Acta psychologica.

[28]  T. Schenk,et al.  The use of visual feedback and on-line target information in catching and grasping , 2003, Experimental Brain Research.

[29]  J. Gabrieli,et al.  Direct comparison of neural systems mediating conscious and unconscious skill learning. , 2002, Journal of neurophysiology.

[30]  Keith Davids,et al.  The cognition-dynamics interface , 1997 .

[31]  Katsumi Aoki,et al.  Recent development of flow visualization , 2004, J. Vis..

[32]  Gilles Montagne,et al.  Reorganization of catching coordination under varying temporal constraints. , 2006, Motor control.

[33]  James L. Lyons,et al.  Optimal Control Strategies Under Different Feedback Schedules: Kinematic Evidence , 2002, Journal of motor behavior.

[34]  F. H. Sanderson,et al.  Critical time intervals for viewing and individual differences in performance of a ball-catching task. , 1973 .

[35]  A. Wing,et al.  Grasp size and accuracy of approach in reaching. , 1986, Journal of motor behavior.

[36]  M. Santello,et al.  The role of vision on hand preshaping during reach to grasp , 2003, Experimental Brain Research.

[37]  Robert Sessions Woodworth,et al.  THE ACCURACY OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT , 1899 .

[38]  Joost C. Dessing,et al.  Adaptations of lateral hand movements to early and late visual occlusion in catching , 2009, Experimental Brain Research.

[39]  Daniel B. Willingham,et al.  On the development of procedural knowledge. , 1989, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.

[40]  H. Whiting,et al.  The spatiotemporal structure of control variables during catching , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[41]  G. J. P. Savelsbergh,et al.  The visual guidance of catching , 2004, Experimental Brain Research.

[42]  R A Scheidt,et al.  Learning to move amid uncertainty. , 2001, Journal of neurophysiology.

[43]  Welber Marinovic,et al.  The utilisation of visual information in the control of rapid interceptive actions. , 2009, Experimental psychology.

[44]  Keith Davids,et al.  Anticipatory responses to perturbation of co-ordination in one-handed catching. , 2002, Acta psychologica.

[45]  Gilles Montagne,et al.  Planning and on-line control of catching as a function of perceptual-motor constraints. , 2007, Acta psychologica.

[46]  M A VINCE,et al.  Corrective Movements in a Pursuit Task 1 , 1948, Quarterly journal of experimental physiology and cognate medical sciences.

[47]  D Elliott,et al.  Optimizing the use of Vision in Manual Aiming: The Role of Practice , 1995, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology. A, Human experimental psychology.

[48]  Simon J. Bennett,et al.  Advance knowledge effects on kinematics of one-handed catching , 2010, Experimental Brain Research.

[49]  S Bennett,et al.  Timing a one-handed catch. I. Effects of telestereoscopic viewing. , 1999, Experimental brain research.

[50]  J. M. Stephenson,et al.  Critical Time Intervals for Taking in Flight Information in a Ball-Catching Task , 1970 .