Update on Regional Anaesthesia in Intraocular Surgery

Abstract Background: Retrobulbar anaesthesia is a valuable alternative not only for polymorbid and haemodynamically compromised patients. Complications are rare but may be devastating. Methods: Principally, any intraocular surgery can be made under local anaesthesia. There are only a few contraindications to regional anaesthesia such as denial against regional anaesthesia, allergy to local anaesthetics, local infection, severe orthopnea, insufficiently controlled psychiatric disorders or small children and non-cooperative patients. Results: The success rate of retrobulbar anaesthesia in terms of control of intraoperative discomfort approaches 100 % with an intraconal injection in 94 % and a distribution of fluid into the intraconal space in 97 %. Conclusion: Based on the recent literature, the present review compares techniques, describes possible complications and in the absence of evidence-based studies provides suggestions for the handling of patients under thrombocyte aggregation inhibitor and vitamin K antagonist therapy and anticoagulation.

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