The relationship of blood lead to blood pressure in a longitudinal study of working men.

The relationship of lead exposure to blood pressure has been examined in a longitudinal study of a cohort of 89 Boston, Massachusetts, policemen. At the baseline examination, subjects had a blood lead determination and three consecutive blood pressure measurements. Triplicate blood pressure measurements were also taken at years 3, 4, and 5. Multivariate analysis revealed that, after correction for previous systolic blood pressure, body mass index, age, and smoking, a high level of blood lead was a significant predictor of subsequent elevation of systolic pressure. Bootstrap simulations of these models provided supporting evidence for the observed associations. These data suggest that lead exposure can significantly affect systolic pressure.

[1]  E. Calabrese,et al.  Elevated blood pressure levels and community drinking water characteristics , 1978 .

[2]  D. A. Henderson,et al.  The pathology and pathogenesis of chronic lead nephropathy occurring in Queensland , 1978, The Journal of pathology.

[3]  A. Vander,et al.  Lead, hypertension, and the renin-angiotensin system in rats. , 1982, The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine.

[4]  H. Evans,et al.  Relationship of blood pressure to blood lead concentrations in small children. , 1979, Pediatrics.

[5]  H. Blackburn,et al.  Cardiovascular survey methods. , 1969, Monograph series. World Health Organization.

[6]  John W. Tukey,et al.  Exploratory Data Analysis. , 1979 .

[7]  Robinson Tr.  The health of long service tetraethyl lead workers. , 1976 .

[8]  P. Saltman.  Trace elements and blood pressure. , 1983, Annals of internal medicine.

[9]  F. Speizer,et al.  Exposure to Automobile Exhaust , 1973 .

[10]  F. Speizer,et al.  The use of an autoregressive model for the analysis of longitudinal data in epidemiologic studies. , 1985, Statistics in medicine.

[11]  S. Pocock,et al.  Blood lead concentration, blood pressure, and renal function. , 1984, British medical journal.

[12]  J R Landis,et al.  The relationship between blood lead levels and blood pressure and its cardiovascular risk implications. , 1985, American journal of epidemiology.

[13]  M. Moore,et al.  Renal insufficiency associated with excessive lead exposure. , 1977, British medical journal.

[14]  B. Efron.  The jackknife, the bootstrap, and other resampling plans , 1987 .

[15]  F. Speizer,et al.  Exposure to automobile exhaust. II. Pulmonary function measurements. , 1973, Archives of environmental health.

[16]  W. Gaffey,et al.  Mortality of lead workers. , 1975, Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association.

[17]  A. Leviton,et al.  Variability of blood lead concentrations during infancy. , 1984, Archives of environmental health.

[18]  R. F. Packham,et al.  Effects of tap water lead, water hardness, alcohol, and cigarettes on blood lead concentrations. , 1983, Journal of epidemiology and community health.

[19]  A. Folsom,et al.  Drinking water composition and blood pressure: a review of the epidemiology. , 1982, American journal of epidemiology.

[20]  D. Beevers,et al.  BLOOD-LEAD AND HYPERTENSION , 1976, The Lancet.

[21]  A. Aviv,et al.  Lead intoxication during development: its late effects on kidney function and blood pressure. , 1980, Kidney international.

[22]  A. Vander,et al.  In vivo and in vitro effects of lead on vascular reactivity in rats. , 1981, The American journal of physiology.