Clinical experience with nine patients supported by the continuous flow Debakey VAD.

Introduction: Pulsatile left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been established for bridging of selected patients with advanced congestive heart failure to transplantation. Their clinical application, however, has been complicated by bleeding, thromboembolic and infectious adverse events. Recently, continuous flow LVADs have been introduced. They are expected to be associated with a reduced risk for such complications. Here we report our experience with 9 patients on the continuous flow DeBakey VADTM. Patients and Methods: Since February 2000, 9 patients have been supported by the continuous flow DeBakey VADTM at our institution (all male, 38.6613.1 years, 3 DCM, 3 ICM, 1 congenital, 1 postcardiotomy, 1 myocardial infarction). Before implantation, patients were in severe heart failure (NYHA IV) requiring inotropic support. Cardiac index was 1.6460.49 l/min/m2. All patients fulfilled the requirements for listing to heart transplantation and were put on the waiting list at the time of LVAD implantation. Results: Current total support time (as of October 17, 2000) amounts to 900 patient days (14 2 232 days). One patient was transplanted 226 days following LVAD implantation, six patients are currently still on LVAD support. One patient died on postoperative day (POD) 14 due to multiorgan failure developing following preoperative cardiogenic shock due to myocardial infarction, one patient died on POD 15 after a thrombus generated from the left ventricle had caused the pump to stop. Bleeding complications requiring rethoracotomy occurred in 3 patients. There was no thromboembolic event. No driveline or device infection was observed. Moderate hemolysis was seen in 3 patients. In 4 patients, the LVAD was replaced (POD 76, 76, 137, 170) for another DeBakey VADTM. Device exchanges were associated with thrombus; however, its origin could not be determined. Conclusion: Our experience with the DeBakey VADTM indicates that it is associated with a low risk for bleeding, hemolysis, thromboembolic and infectious complications which makes it a valuable alternative to pulsatile LVADs. Thrombus in the pump may be addressed with improved anticoagulation and platelet inhibition.