Imatinib and beyond in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A radiologist's perspective.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to review the decade-long experience with imatinib and other molecular targeted agents in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). CONCLUSION Tremendous progress has been made in the medical management of GIST since the inception of imatinib, and imaging has played a key role in understanding the typical and atypical responses of GIST to molecular targeted therapies.

[1]  N. Gong,et al.  Treatment response monitoring in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor using diffusion‐weighted imaging: preliminary results in comparison with positron emission tomography/computed tomography , 2013, NMR in biomedicine.

[2]  A. Shinagare,et al.  Pneumatosis intestinalis and bowel perforation associated with molecular targeted therapy: an emerging problem and the role of radiologists in its management. , 2012, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[3]  J. Jagannathan,et al.  Decade of molecular targeted therapy: abdominal manifestations of drug toxicities--what radiologists should know. , 2012, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[4]  J. Blay,et al.  Randomized phase III trial of regorafenib in patients (pts) with metastatic and/or unresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) progressing despite prior treatment with at least imatinib (IM) and sunitinib (SU): GRID trial. , 2012, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[5]  A. Marrari,et al.  Predictors of response to targeted therapies for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2012, Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine.

[6]  A. D. Van den Abbeele,et al.  ACRIN 6665/RTOG 0132 Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Imatinib Mesylate for Operable Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Monitoring with 18F-FDG PET and Correlation with Genotype and GLUT4 Expression , 2012, The Journal of Nuclear Medicine.

[7]  Y. Kakeji,et al.  Phase 2 study of nilotinib as third‐line therapy for patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor , 2011, Cancer.

[8]  T. Fujimoto,et al.  Painless acute pancreatitis associated with sorafenib treatment: a case report , 2011, Medical oncology.

[9]  M. von Mehren,et al.  A phase II study of dasatinib for patients with imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). , 2011, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[10]  C. Antonescu,et al.  Sorafenib (SOR) in patients (pts) with imatinib (IM) and sunitinib (SU)-resistant (RES) gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST): Final results of a University of Chicago Phase II Consortium trial. , 2011, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[11]  Jian Li,et al.  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated with imatinib mesylate: apparent diffusion coefficient in the evaluation of therapy response in patients. , 2011, Radiology.

[12]  G. Demetri,et al.  A phase I-II study of everolimus (RAD001) in combination with imatinib in patients with imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2010, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[13]  Shetal N Shah,et al.  Morphology, Attenuation, Size, and Structure (MASS) criteria: assessing response and predicting clinical outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma on antiangiogenic targeted therapy. , 2010, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[14]  C. Antonescu,et al.  NCCN Task Force report: update on the management of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2010, Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN.

[15]  R. Pazdur,et al.  Approval summary: imatinib mesylate in the adjuvant treatment of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2010, The oncologist.

[16]  M. Baccarani,et al.  Pancreatic enzyme elevation in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with nilotinib after imatinib failure , 2009, Haematologica.

[17]  J. Blay,et al.  A Phase I Study of Single-Agent Nilotinib or in Combination with Imatinib in Patients with Imatinib-Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , 2009, Clinical Cancer Research.

[18]  S. Sleijfer,et al.  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors II: medical oncology and tumor response assessment. , 2009, Seminars in oncology.

[19]  J. Blay,et al.  Clinical evaluation of continuous daily dosing of sunitinib malate in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumour after imatinib failure. , 2009, European journal of cancer.

[20]  M. Pantaleo,et al.  Mechanisms of secondary resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumours (Review). , 2009, Oncology reports.

[21]  V. Torri,et al.  High-grade soft-tissue sarcomas: tumor response assessment--pilot study to assess the correlation between radiologic and pathologic response by using RECIST and Choi criteria. , 2009, Radiology.

[22]  R. Pazdur,et al.  Approval summary: imatinib mesylate in the treatment of metastatic and/or unresectable malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2009, The oncologist.

[23]  C. Antonescu,et al.  Rhabdomyosarcomatous Differentiation in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors After Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy: A Novel Form of Tumor Progression , 2009, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[24]  H. Wagner.  Just enough palliation: radiation dose and outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. , 2008, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[25]  G. Demetri,et al.  Inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with the novel agent IPI-504 in metastatic GIST following failure of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or other sarcomas: Clinical results from phase I trial , 2008 .

[26]  Annick D. Van den Abbeele,et al.  The Lessons of GIST—PET and PET/CT: A New Paradigm for Imaging , 2008 .

[27]  M. Heinrich,et al.  Molecular pathobiology of gastrointestinal stromal sarcomas. , 2008, Annual review of pathology.

[28]  A. D. Van den Abbeele,et al.  CT and PET: early prognostic indicators of response to imatinib mesylate in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor. , 2007, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[29]  Haesun Choi,et al.  Correlation of computed tomography and positron emission tomography in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor treated at a single institution with imatinib mesylate: proposal of new computed tomography response criteria. , 2007, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[30]  Xin Huang,et al.  Efficacy and safety of sunitinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumour after failure of imatinib: a randomised controlled trial , 2006, The Lancet.

[31]  A. D. Van den Abbeele,et al.  Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: new nodule-within-a-mass pattern of recurrence after partial response to imatinib mesylate. , 2005, Radiology.

[32]  G. Kanel,et al.  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Clinical profile, pathogenesis, treatment strategies and prognosis , 2005, Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology.

[33]  I. Abdulkader,et al.  Pathological changes related to Imatinib treatment in a patient with a metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour , 2005, Histopathology.

[34]  A. Torroba,et al.  Gastrointestinal stromal tumor with metastases in an adult woman treated with imatinib mesylate: MDCT findings. , 2005, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[35]  Eric P Tamm,et al.  CT evaluation of the response of gastrointestinal stromal tumors after imatinib mesylate treatment: a quantitative analysis correlated with FDG PET findings. , 2004, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[36]  C. Fletcher,et al.  The Significance of KIT (CD117) in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors , 2004, International journal of surgical pathology.

[37]  R. Pazdur,et al.  Approval summary: imatinib mesylate in the treatment of metastatic and/or unresectable malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2002, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[38]  A. D. Van den Abbeele,et al.  Efficacy and safety of imatinib mesylate in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors. , 2002, The New England journal of medicine.

[39]  D. Tuveson,et al.  Effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 in a patient with a metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[40]  K. Herholz,et al.  Measurement of clinical and subclinical tumour response using [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography: review and 1999 EORTC recommendations. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) PET Study Group. , 1999, European journal of cancer.

[41]  Shetal N Shah,et al.  Assessing tumor response and detecting recurrence in metastatic renal cell carcinoma on targeted therapy: importance of size and attenuation on contrast-enhanced CT. , 2010, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[42]  G. Demetri,et al.  Phase II trial of neoadjuvant/adjuvant imatinib mesylate (IM) for advanced primary and metastatic/recurrent operable gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): Early results of RTOG 0132/ACRIN 6665 , 2009, Journal of surgical oncology.