Assessment of Synthetic Musk Fragrances in Seven Wastewater Treatment Plants of Beijing, China

Seven typical synthetic musks were measured in influents, effluents and sewage sludge from seven wastewater treatment plants of Beijing in three seasons. Galaxolide and tonalide were the dominant musks, and the levels were medium compared with those from other regions. Musk concentrations and galaxolide/tonalide ratios were low in warm seasons relative to cold seasons in both water and sludge samples. The removal efficiencies of galaxolide and tonalide ranged in <14.3%–98.0% and <18.5%–98.7%, respectively. The discharge of galaxolide and tonalide through effluents into environment were 1.8–685.6 g/d (mean: 70.1 g/d) and 1.6–195.3 g/d (mean: 22.9 g/d), respectively.

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