S2k-Leitlinie zur fachärztlichen Diagnostik und Therapie von Asthma 2023

Zusammenfassung Das Management von Asthma hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten fundamental gewandelt. Die vorliegende Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Asthma wurde für pneumologisch tätige Fachärztinnen und Fachärzte entwickelt, welche detaillierte und evidenzbasierte Informationen zu den neuen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Optionen von Asthma benötigen. Die Leitlinie zeigt die neue Bedeutung der Biomarker, insbesondere der Bluteosinophilen und des exhalierten NO (FeNO), in den diagnostischen Algorithmen von Asthma. Als erste Asthma-Leitlinie weltweit benennt die vorliegende Leitlinie die nachhaltige Symptomprävention und die Asthma-Remission als Asthma-Therapieziele, welche durch den Einsatz individuell angepasster, krankheitsmodifizierender Medikamente (wie inhalative Steroide, Allergenimmuntherapie oder Biologika) erreicht werden können. Die zentrale Bedeutung der Behandlung von typischen Asthma-Komorbiditäten wird zudem betont. Schließlich wird auch auf besondere Herausforderungen im Asthma-Management eingegangen, wie bspw. die Therapie von Asthma in der Schwangerschaft, die Behandlung von schwerem Asthma oder die Diagnostik und Therapie von arbeitsbedingten Asthma-Formen.

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