An energy-efficient routing protocol based on particle swarm clustering algorithm and inter-cluster routing algorithm for WSN

Wireless sensor network (WSN) hierarchical routing protocols meet the efficient communication of a large-scale network. However, many of them cannot guarantee the optimum choice of the cluster heads because of the lack of comprehensive consideration of the remaining energy of nodes, the distribution within a cluster and the distribution among clusters in the process of choosing the cluster heads. In addition, the single-hop communication among clusters leads to a serious imbalance in the energy of the cluster heads. In view of the above problems, this paper combines the improved particle swarm clustering algorithm with the inter-cluster routing algorithm to form an adaptive energy-efficient clustering routing protocol, referred to as AECRP. Simulation results show that this protocol not only balances the energy consumption of the overall network, delays the death time of the nodes, but also provides more reliable data delivery.

[1]  S. Mahapatra,et al.  Cooperative swarm based clustering algorithm based on PSO and k-means to find optimal cluster centroids , 2012, 2012 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS.

[2]  R. Eberhart,et al.  Empirical study of particle swarm optimization , 1999, Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation-CEC99 (Cat. No. 99TH8406).

[3]  Chi-Tsun Cheng,et al.  A Delay-Aware Data Collection Network Structure for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2011, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[4]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  Tracking and optimizing dynamic systems with particle swarms , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.01TH8546).

[5]  D. H. Smithgall,et al.  Toward the 60 gm wireless phone , 1998, Proceedings RAWCON 98. 1998 IEEE Radio and Wireless Conference (Cat. No.98EX194).

[6]  James Kennedy,et al.  Particle swarm optimization , 2002, Proceedings of ICNN'95 - International Conference on Neural Networks.

[7]  Nitin G. Palan,et al.  Media Access Control protocol modelling for Mobile Sensor Network-using OMNeT++ -MiXiM network simulator , 2011 .

[8]  Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy,et al.  Particle Swarm Optimization in Wireless-Sensor Networks: A Brief Survey , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews).

[9]  Weiren Shi,et al.  Comparison of OMNET++ and other simulator for WSN simulation , 2008, 2008 3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications.

[10]  Nadeem Javaid,et al.  Performance Analysis of Hierarchical Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2012, 2012 Seventh International Conference on Broadband, Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications.

[11]  R. Eberhart,et al.  Fuzzy adaptive particle swarm optimization , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.01TH8546).