COPE-MAC: A Contention-based medium access control protocol with Parallel Reservation for underwater acoustic networks

Long propagation delays of acoustic signals in underwater networks pose grand challenges in medium access control (MAC) protocol design, often significantly undermining network performance if not handled appropriately. In this paper, we propose a novel MAC protocol, called COntention based Parallel rEservation MAC (COPE-MAC) for underwater acoustic networks. In COPE-MAC, we introduce “parallel reservation” and “cyber carrier sensing” techniques. The first method improves communication efficiency, while the latter one can detect and avoid collisions by mapping a physical channel to a virtual one in the cyber space. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated via simulations. Experiment results show that COPE-MAC can significantly increase the overall network throughput, and is especially suitable for larger networks with long distances.

[1]  Yuan Li,et al.  Research challenges and applications for underwater sensor networking , 2006, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2006. WCNC 2006..

[2]  Jun-Hong Cui,et al.  Handling Triple Hidden Terminal Problems for Multichannel MAC in Long-Delay Underwater Sensor Networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[3]  Jun-Hong Cui,et al.  Scalable Localization with Mobility Prediction for Underwater Sensor Networks , 2011, IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput..

[4]  Archan Misra,et al.  MACA-P: a MAC for concurrent transmissions in multi-hop wireless networks , 2003, Proceedings of the First IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications, 2003. (PerCom 2003)..

[5]  John S. Heidemann,et al.  T-Lohi: A New Class of MAC Protocols for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks , 2008, IEEE INFOCOM 2008 - The 27th Conference on Computer Communications.

[6]  Shengli Zhou,et al.  Aqua-Sim: An NS-2 based simulator for underwater sensor networks , 2009, OCEANS 2009.

[7]  Prasant Mohapatra,et al.  A hybrid medium access control protocol for underwater wireless networks , 2007, WuWNet '07.

[8]  Shengli Zhou,et al.  Prospects and Problems of Wireless Communication for Underwater Sensor , 2008 .

[9]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Idle-time energy savings through wake-up modes in underwater acoustic networks , 2009, Ad Hoc Networks.

[10]  M. Stojanovic,et al.  Slotted FAMA: a MAC protocol for underwater acoustic networks , 2006, OCEANS 2006 - Asia Pacific.

[11]  Yang Xiao,et al.  Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks , 2009 .

[12]  Paul J. M. Havinga,et al.  Protocol assessment issues in low duty cycle sensor networks: the switching energy , 2006, IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing (SUTC'06).

[13]  M. Stojanovic,et al.  Optimization of a data link protocol for an underwater acoustic channel , 2005, Europe Oceans 2005.

[14]  I. Akyildiz,et al.  A Distributed CDMA Medium Access Control for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks , 2007 .

[15]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Underwater Acoustic Communications and Networking: Recent Advances and Future Challenges , 2008 .

[16]  Shengli Zhou,et al.  A DSP implementation of OFDM acoustic modem , 2007, Underwater Networks.

[17]  Zhou Shengli,et al.  Prospects and problems of wireless communication for underwater sensor networks , 2008 .

[18]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Distance aware collision avoidance protocol for ad-hoc underwater acoustic sensor networks , 2007, IEEE Communications Letters.

[19]  Guoliang Xing,et al.  C-MAC: Model-Driven Concurrent Medium Access Control for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2009, IEEE INFOCOM 2009.

[20]  Jiejun Kong,et al.  The challenges of building mobile underwater wireless networks for aquatic applications , 2006, IEEE Network.

[21]  Shiwen Mao,et al.  Medium Access Control for Opportunistic Concurrent Transmissions under Shadowing Channels , 2009, Sensors.

[22]  M. Stojanovic,et al.  Multi-cluster protocol for ad hoc mobile underwater acoustic networks , 2003, Oceans 2003. Celebrating the Past ... Teaming Toward the Future (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37492).

[23]  J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves,et al.  Floor acquisition multiple access (FAMA) for packet-radio networks , 1995, SIGCOMM '95.

[24]  Winston Khoon Guan Seah,et al.  Distributed CDMA-based MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks , 2007, 32nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN 2007).

[25]  V. Rodoplu,et al.  UWAN-MAC: An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks , 2007, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[26]  V. Pangboonyanon,et al.  Managing Heterogeneous Access Networks Coordinated policy based decision engines for mobility management , 2007 .

[27]  Brian Neil Levine,et al.  A survey of practical issues in underwater networks , 2006, MOCO.

[28]  Jun-Hong Cui,et al.  R-MAC: An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks , 2007, International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems and Applications (WASA 2007).

[29]  Zheng Guo,et al.  Efficient Error Recovery Using Network Coding in Underwater Sensor Networks , 2007, Networking.

[30]  Dario Pompili,et al.  Underwater acoustic sensor networks: research challenges , 2005, Ad Hoc Networks.

[31]  S. Singh,et al.  The WHOI micro-modem: an acoustic communications and navigation system for multiple platforms , 2005, Proceedings of OCEANS 2005 MTS/IEEE.