Stage-Based Smart Learning Objects: Adaptation Perspective

In Chap. 8, we deal with a specific model of the smart content, i.e. the stage-based (SB) generative (smart) learning object (GLO/SLO) model. This model supports the automated adaptation of the educational content. We aim at showing how it is possible to integrate the STEM-driven CS education concepts into the SB GLO model. The model is a derivative from the initial GLO/SLO specification. Two dependent concepts, i.e. staging and context awareness, are basic to understand this model. The first means refactoring the structure of the original GLO specification into the stage-based structure without the loss of functionality. Semantically staging means the rearrangement of parameter space of an original GLO among stages so that it would be possible at the stage k (k > 1) to produce a meta-meta-program with (k–1) stages and finally at stage 1 to produce the target program. The user, making the context-dependent selection of parameter values at each stage, enables the system to narrow the parameter space according to his/her context and, in this way, to adapt gradually the generated content. We analyse a case study, the stage-based adaptation processes and learning scenarios. Finally, we discuss the capabilities of this methodology and present an overall evaluation with the focus on pedagogical aspects.

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