Oxygen consumption and efficiency of swimming goldfish

Abstract 1. 1. Simultaneous measurements of oxygen consumption rate and swimming speed were performed on goldfish forced to swim at various velocities. Experiments were done at four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30°C) to which the fish had been acclimated. 2. 2. The work done by the swimming fishes was assessed and their efficiency calculated from the ratio of work performed over net rate of oxygen consumed. 3. 3. Efficiency ( E ) appeared to increase with increasing swimming speeds ( V ), according to E = 0·031 V 1·65 , and to be linearly related to the force exerted by the propulsion muscles. 4. 4. It is concluded that swimming goldfish use red and white muscle fibres simultaneously.

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