Port Security and the Quality of Port Interchange Service

It became clear following the terrorist attacks in New York City on September 11, 2001 that US ports and cargo at foreign ports bound for US ports were at high risk of terrorist attacks. In response to this risk, the US Congress passed a number of acts and initiated a number of programs to secure US ports and cargo bound for US ports from terrorist attacks – the 2001 Aviation and Transportation Security Act, the 2002 Maritime Transportation Security Act, the Coast Guard ’ s maritime security program, the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection ’ s (CBP ’ s) maritime security program, and the Security and Accountability for Every (SAFE) Port Act of 2006. Since no serious terrorist incident has occurred at US ports, one may conclude that these acts and programs have been effective in securing US ports from terrorist attacks. However, the effects of US port security acts and programs on the quality of port interchange services provided by US ports and US foreign trading ports are unclear. Can improvements in the quality of port security service increase the quality of port interchange services? This chapter addresses this question. Although it is generally agreed that improvements in the quality of port security service, such as one hundred percent scanning of containers (Talley 2011 ), can lead to container port congestion and thus have a negative effect on the quality of container port interchange services, the question of a positive effect has not been investigated in the literature (to the knowledge of the authors). The next section discusses US port security legislations and programs, since many port security programs around the world are based upon these legislations and programs. Sections 34.3 and 34.4 discuss port interchange and port security services, respectively, as well as measures of the quality of these services. Then, a model of the relationship between the quality of port interchange services and port security Port Security and the Quality of Port Interchange Service

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