Which Measures of Health Status Assessment are the Most Significant in Organized Cohorts with Low Current Cardiovascular Risk? The Screening Study of Penitentiary Staff in Saratov Region, Russia.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to compare different methods of health status assessment in organized cohort of penitentiary employees in Saratov Region, Russian Federation. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1,014 penitentiary employees (81.8% male) aged 33.4±6.8 years were included in the cohort study. All participants underwent an annual preventive health examination in the Center of Medical and Social Rehabilitation of Russian Federal Penitentiary Service in Saratov Region. The prevalence of common cardiovascular risk factors was assessed. Risk Score and the number of fulfilled health metrics proposed by American Heart Association (AHA) were calculated for each participant. RESULTS It is shown that penitentiary staff in Saratov Region is characterized by low current risk score (1.2±0.8%), but high prevalence of such risk factors as increased body weight and obesity (51%), tobacco use or passive smoking (81%), and unhealthy diet (55%). 98.4% of participants had the Score level of ≤5%, but only 4.5% of penitentiary staff met the ideal cardiovascular health (they met all seven AHA health metrics). One fifth of the participants met three or less AHA health metrics. A statistically significant correlation between the risk Score and the number of fulfilled AHA health metrics is revealed (Chi-square = 5.1, p=0.024). The probability of fulfilment of less than 5 AHA health metrics in subjects with medium risk score is shown to be almost twofold greater than in subjects with low risk Score. However, there are a lot of differences in the assessment of cardiovascular health by risk Score and AHA health metrics. CONCLUSION AHA health metrics are more preferable than the risk Score or assessment of separate cardiovascular risk factors for preventive management in organized cohorts with low current cardiovascular risk such as penitentiary staff in Saratov Region.

[1]  C. Eaton,et al.  Cardiac risk factors: biomarkers and genetic tests to determine cardiovascular risk. , 2014, FP essentials.

[2]  F. Azizi,et al.  Distribution of ideal cardiovascular health in a community-based cohort of Middle East population , 2014, Annals of Saudi medicine.

[3]  Shou-Ling Wu,et al.  The Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics Associated Inversely with Mortality from All Causes and from Cardiovascular Diseases among Adults in a Northern Chinese Industrial City , 2014, PloS one.

[4]  M. E. Memetoğlu,et al.  Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors among university students in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey , 2013 .

[5]  D. Ferrante,et al.  Barriers to prevention of cardiovascular disease in primary care settings in Argentina. , 2013, Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health.

[6]  Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik,et al.  Ideal Cardiovascular Health Is Inversely Associated With Incident Cancer: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study , 2013, Circulation.

[7]  S. Maksimov,et al.  Modeling of arterial hypertension’s risk in occupational groups , 2013 .

[8]  M. Bots,et al.  Identification of effective screening strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention in a developing country: using cardiovascular risk-estimation and risk-reduction tools for policy recommendations , 2013, BMC Cardiovascular Disorders.

[9]  P. Alagona,et al.  The worldwide environment of cardiovascular disease: prevalence, diagnosis, therapy, and policy issues: a report from the American College of Cardiology. , 2012, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[10]  A. Smit,et al.  Cardiovascular screening in general practice in a low SES area , 2012, BMC Family Practice.

[11]  N. Wareham,et al.  Estimating the potential population impact of stepwise screening strategies for identifying and treating individuals at high risk of Type 2 diabetes: a modelling study , 2012, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

[12]  R. Sacco,et al.  Ideal Cardiovascular Health Predicts Lower Risks of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Vascular Death Across Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics: The Northern Manhattan Study , 2012, Circulation.

[13]  Jane M. Young,et al.  Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes. , 2012, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[14]  F. Hu,et al.  Trends in cardiovascular health metrics and associations with all-cause and CVD mortality among US adults. , 2012, JAMA.

[15]  R. Sacco.  The new American Heart Association 2020 goal: achieving ideal cardiovascular health , 2011, Journal of cardiovascular medicine.

[16]  N. Wareham,et al.  Estimating the population impact of screening strategies for identifying and treating people at high risk of cardiovascular disease: modelling study , 2010, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[17]  C. Boissonnet,et al.  Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Urban Latin America , 2010, American journal of therapeutics.

[18]  D. Mozaffarian,et al.  Defining and Setting National Goals for Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Disease Reduction: The American Heart Association's Strategic Impact Goal Through 2020 and Beyond , 2010, Circulation.

[19]  K. Yano,et al.  Midlife risk factors and healthy survival in men. , 2006, JAMA.

[20]  Thomas Mills,et al.  National Study of Physician Awareness and Adherence to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Guidelines , 2005, Circulation.

[21]  Daniel W. Jones,et al.  Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. , 2003, Hypertension.

[22]  N. Wong,et al.  Prehypertension: a meta-analysis of the epidemiology, risk factors, and predictors of progression. , 2011, Texas Heart Institute journal.