Enhanced channel estimation and symbol detection for high speed multi-input multi-output underwater acoustic communications.

The need for achieving higher data rates in underwater acoustic communications leverages the use of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) schemes. In this paper two key issues regarding the design of a MIMO communications system, namely, channel estimation and symbol detection, are addressed. To enhance channel estimation performance, a cyclic approach for designing training sequences and a channel estimation algorithm called the iterative adaptive approach (IAA) are presented. Sparse channel estimates can be obtained by combining IAA with the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Moreover, the RELAX algorithm can be used to improve the IAA with BIC estimates further. Regarding symbol detection, a minimum mean-squared error based detection scheme, called RELAX-BLAST, which is a combination of vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) algorithm and the cyclic principle of the RELAX algorithm, is presented and it is shown that RELAX-BLAST outperforms V-BLAST. Both simulated and experimental results are provided to validate the proposed MIMO scheme. RACE'08 experimental results employing a 4 x 24 MIMO system show that the proposed scheme enjoys an average uncoded bit error rate of 0.38% at a payload data rate of 31.25 kbps and an average coded bit error rate of 0% at a payload data rate of 15.63 kbps.

[1]  Charles R. Johnson,et al.  Matrix analysis , 1985, Statistical Inference for Engineers and Data Scientists.

[2]  Balas K. Natarajan,et al.  Sparse Approximate Solutions to Linear Systems , 1995, SIAM J. Comput..

[3]  H. Vincent Poor,et al.  Probability of error in MMSE multiuser detection , 1997, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[4]  D. Dowling Acoustic pulse compression using passive phase‐conjugate processing , 1994 .

[5]  T. Yang,et al.  Correlation-based decision-feedback equalizer for underwater acoustic communications , 2005, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[6]  Pei-Yun Tsai,et al.  Joint weighted least-squares estimation of carrier-frequency offset and timing offset for OFDM systems over multipath fading channels , 2005, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol..

[7]  James Preisig,et al.  Acoustic propagation considerations for underwater acoustic communications network development , 2006, Underwater Networks.

[8]  Shuangquan Wang,et al.  MIMO ISI Channel Estimation Using Uncorrelated Golay Complementary Sets of Polyphase Sequences , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[9]  D. Garrood Applications of the MFSK Acoustic Communications System , 1981 .

[10]  Toshiaki Koike,et al.  Optimum-Weighted RLS Channel Estimation for Time-Varying Fast Fading MIMO Channels , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[11]  X. R. Li Canonical transform for tracking with kinematic models , 1997 .

[12]  Nelson Ray Sollenberger,et al.  A four-element adaptive antenna array for IS-136 PCS base stations , 1997, 1997 IEEE 47th Vehicular Technology Conference. Technology in Motion.

[13]  Arthur B. Baggeroer,et al.  DATS - A Digital Acoustic Telemetry System for Underwater Communications , 1981 .

[14]  Guan-Chyun Hsieh,et al.  Phase-locked loop techniques. A survey , 1996, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[15]  J. Högbom,et al.  APERTURE SYNTHESIS WITH A NON-REGULAR DISTRIBUTION OF INTERFEROMETER BASELINES. Commentary , 1974 .

[16]  T.C. Yang Channel Q function and capacity , 2005, Proceedings of OCEANS 2005 MTS/IEEE.

[17]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Underwater Acoustic Communications and Networking: Recent Advances and Future Challenges , 2008 .

[18]  Pingzhi Fan,et al.  On optimal training sequence design for multiple-antenna systems over dispersive fading channels and its extensions , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[19]  Jian Li,et al.  Angle and waveform estimation via RELAX , 1997, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[20]  Y. Selen,et al.  Model-order selection: a review of information criterion rules , 2004, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[21]  Arthur B. Baggeroer,et al.  Communication over Doppler spread channels. II. Receiver characterization and practical results , 2001 .

[22]  Urbashi Mitra,et al.  Sparse Channel Estimation with Zero Tap Detection , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[23]  Lee Freitag,et al.  Efficient equalizer update algorithms for acoustic communication channels of varying complexity , 1997, Oceans '97. MTS/IEEE Conference Proceedings.

[24]  Steven D. Gray,et al.  Multiuser detection in a horizontal underwater acoustic channel using array observations , 1997, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[25]  Lee Freitag,et al.  Improved Doppler tracking and correction for underwater acoustic communications , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[26]  A. Baggeroer,et al.  Communication over Doppler spread channels. Part I: Channel and receiver presentation , 2000, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[27]  A.B. Baggeroer,et al.  The state of the art in underwater acoustic telemetry , 2000, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[28]  Stéphane Mallat,et al.  Matching pursuits with time-frequency dictionaries , 1993, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[29]  Lee Freitag,et al.  Channel-estimation-based adaptive equalization of underwater acoustic signals , 1999, Oceans '99. MTS/IEEE. Riding the Crest into the 21st Century. Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.99CH37008).

[30]  T.C. Yang,et al.  Differences between passive-phase conjugation and decision-feedback equalizer for underwater acoustic communications , 2004, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[31]  Jian Li,et al.  An adaptive filtering approach to spectral estimation and SAR imaging , 1996, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[32]  Weichang Li,et al.  Estimation and tracking of rapidly time-varying broadband acoustic communication channels , 2006 .

[33]  T. C. Yang Temporal resolutions of time-reversal and passive-phase conjugation for underwater acoustic communications , 2003 .

[34]  J. A. Catipovic,et al.  Phase-coherent digital communications for underwater acoustic channels , 1994 .

[35]  Jian Li,et al.  Efficient mixed-spectrum estimation with applications to target feature extraction , 1995, Conference Record of The Twenty-Ninth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers.

[36]  B. Rao,et al.  Forward sequential algorithms for best basis selection , 1999 .

[37]  U. Schwarz MATHEMATICAL-STATISTICAL DESCRIPTION OF ITERATIVE BEAM REMOVING TECHNIQUE (METHOD CLEAN) , 1978 .

[38]  Andreas Jakobsson,et al.  Matched-filter bank interpretation of some spectral estimators , 1998, Signal Process..

[39]  A.B. Baggeroer,et al.  Spatial modulation experiments in the underwater acoustic channel , 2005, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[40]  T.C. Yang,et al.  Performance limitations of joint adaptive channel equalizer and phase locking loop in random oceans: initial test with data , 2000, OCEANS 2000 MTS/IEEE Conference and Exhibition. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37158).

[41]  Reinaldo A. Valenzuela,et al.  V-BLAST: an architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich-scattering wireless channel , 1998, 1998 URSI International Symposium on Signals, Systems, and Electronics. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.98EX167).

[42]  James A. Ritcey,et al.  Spatial diversity equalization for MIMO ocean acoustic communication channels , 1996 .

[43]  Bhaskar D. Rao,et al.  Sparse channel estimation via matching pursuit with application to equalization , 2002, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[44]  Ali H. Sayed,et al.  Fundamentals Of Adaptive Filtering , 2003 .

[45]  Upamanyu Madhow,et al.  MMSE interference suppression for direct-sequence spread-spectrum CDMA , 1994, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[46]  Harry L. Van Trees,et al.  Optimum Array Processing , 2002 .

[47]  Norbert Wiener,et al.  Extrapolation, Interpolation, and Smoothing of Stationary Time Series , 1964 .

[48]  J. Preisig,et al.  Estimation of Rapidly Time-Varying Sparse Channels , 2007, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[49]  B.D. Rao,et al.  The adaptive matching pursuit algorithm for estimation and equalization of sparse time-varying channels , 2000, Conference Record of the Thirty-Fourth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers (Cat. No.00CH37154).

[50]  J.E. Mazo,et al.  Digital communications , 1985, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[51]  James C Preisig,et al.  Performance analysis of adaptive equalization for coherent acoustic communications in the time-varying ocean environment. , 2005, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[52]  Jian Li,et al.  Signal Synthesis and Receiver Design for MIMO Radar Imaging , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[53]  Jingshown Wu,et al.  Optimal binary training sequence design for multiple-antenna systems over dispersive fading channels , 2002, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol..

[54]  T.M. Duman,et al.  High-Rate Communication for Underwater Acoustic Channels Using Multiple Transmitters and Space–Time Coding: Receiver Structures and Experimental Results , 2007, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering.

[55]  G. Schwarz Estimating the Dimension of a Model , 1978 .

[56]  Arthur B. Baggeroer,et al.  Spatial modulation over partially coherent multiple-input/multiple-output channels , 2003, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[57]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Sparse equalization for real-time digital underwater acoustic communications , 1995, 'Challenges of Our Changing Global Environment'. Conference Proceedings. OCEANS '95 MTS/IEEE.

[58]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Recent advances in high-speed underwater acoustic communications , 1996 .

[59]  G. Deane,et al.  Surface wave focusing and acoustic communications in the surf zone , 2004 .

[60]  T. Oberg,et al.  Iterative Reception for Acoustic Underwater MIMO Communications , 2006, OCEANS 2006.

[61]  Robert W. Heath,et al.  Designing structured tight frames via an alternating projection method , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[62]  J. A. Catipovic,et al.  Performance limitations in underwater acoustic telemetry , 1990 .

[63]  Jian Li,et al.  Source Localization and Sensing: A Nonparametric Iterative Adaptive Approach Based on Weighted Least Squares , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems.

[64]  Jian Li,et al.  Mimo SAR Imaging: Signal Synthesis and Receiver Design , 2007, 2007 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing.

[65]  Jian Li,et al.  A new derivation of the APES filter , 1999, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.