Monitoring device of overhead transmission lines and monitoring method

The invention relates to a monitoring device of overhead transmission lines, comprising nodes networked by a wireless sensor network multihop mode. The monitoring device is characterized in that the nodes comprise common nodes and base station nodes; the common nodes acquire and process parameter information of the transmission lines and transmit the processed parameter information to the base station nodes; the base station nodes receive and process the parameter information of the transmission lines and upload the processed parameter information of the transmission lines to the control center by a mobile network communication mode. In the monitoring device, related physical parameter values such as temperature, voltage, current and tension and the like of the overhead transmission lines can be monitored in real time, and are transmitted to the base station nodes by the wireless sensor network multihop manner, data is forwarded to the control center by a TD-SCDMA/GPRS/EDGE module on the base station nodes, and the bandwidth resource and the system cost are saved.