Real-time monitoring of network topology through analog measurements

This paper presents a method for the real-time monitoring of a power network topology. The conventional WLS state estimator is extended by incorporating the active and reactive power flows of circuit breakers as state variables. The solution of the state estimation problem is based on a reduced model depending on the status (open, closed or unknown) of circuit breakers. Observability analysis is performed based on a reduced model theory. The method is illustrated with a 12 node system.

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