Isolation of the gene encoding the S. cerevisiae heat shock transcription factor

The yeast heat shock transcription factor gene, HSF1, has been isolated from an S. cerevisiae genomic expression library (in lambda gt11). The sequenced gene encodes an 833 amino acid protein having a mass of 93,218 daltons. Expression of specific DNA-binding activity in E. coli and of transcriptional activity in yeast confirmed the identity of the cloned gene. Southern analysis and gene-disruption experiments indicate that the heat shock transcription factor is encoded by a single-copy, essential gene. The DNA-binding domain was localized to a 118 amino acid region in the amino-terminal third of the protein. Inspection of the DNA-binding domain reveals no resemblance to any currently known secondary structural motifs implicated in DNA recognition and binding.

[1]  K. Murata,et al.  Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations , 1983 .

[2]  E. Craig,et al.  Transcriptional regulation of an hsp70 heat shock gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , 1987, Molecular and cellular biology.

[3]  L. Guarente,et al.  Fusion of Escherichia coli lacZ to the cytochrome c gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. , 1981, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[4]  R. Kingston,et al.  Human HSP70 promoter contains at least two distinct regulatory domains. , 1986, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[5]  M. Johnston,et al.  Mutations that inactivate a yeast transcriptional regulatory protein cluster in an evolutionarily conserved DNA binding domain. , 1987, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[6]  J. Messing,et al.  The making of strand-specific M13 probes. , 1982, Gene.

[7]  Robert Tjian,et al.  Isolation of cDNA encoding transcription factor Sp1 and functional analysis of the DNA binding domain , 1987, Cell.

[8]  G. Fink,et al.  Repeated DNA sequences upstream from HIS1 also occur at several other co-regulated genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. , 1983, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[9]  K. R. Woods,et al.  Prediction of protein antigenic determinants from amino acid sequences. , 1981, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  J Messing,et al.  A system for shotgun DNA sequencing. , 1981, Nucleic acids research.

[11]  J. Bennetzen,et al.  Codon selection in yeast. , 1982, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[12]  S. Lindquist.  The heat-shock response. , 1986, Annual review of biochemistry.

[13]  F. Richaud,et al.  New versatile plasmid vectors for expression of hybrid proteins coded by a cloned gene fused to lacZ gene sequences encoding an enzymatically active carboxy-terminal portion of beta-galactosidase. , 1983, Gene.

[14]  Peter K. Sorger,et al.  Heat shock factor is regulated differently in yeast and HeLa cells , 1987, Nature.

[15]  R. Kingston,et al.  Heat-inducible human factor that binds to a human hsp70 promoter , 1987, Molecular and cellular biology.

[16]  I. Dawid,et al.  Purification and properties of Drosophila heat shock activator protein. , 1987, Science.

[17]  R. W. Davis,et al.  Sequences that regulate the divergent GAL1-GAL10 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , 1984, Molecular and cellular biology.

[18]  C. S. Parker,et al.  Sequences required for in vitro transcriptional activation of a Drosophila hsp 70 gene , 1985, Cell.

[19]  R. Doolittle,et al.  Homology between the DNA-binding domain of the GCN4 regulatory protein of yeast and the carboxyl-terminal region of a protein coded for by the oncogene jun. , 1987, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[20]  A. Martinez-Arias,et al.  Beta-galactosidase gene fusions for analyzing gene expression in escherichia coli and yeast. , 1983, Methods in enzymology.

[21]  U. K. Laemmli,et al.  Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4 , 1970, Nature.

[22]  M. Rosenberg,et al.  Expression and characterization of the human c-myc DNA-binding protein , 1985, Molecular and cellular biology.

[23]  P. Sorger,et al.  Purification and characterization of a heat‐shock element binding protein from yeast. , 1987, The EMBO journal.

[24]  K. Struhl,et al.  Functional dissection of a eukaryotic transcriptional activator protein, GCN4 of Yeast , 1986, Cell.

[25]  M. Rosenberg,et al.  Efficient Expression of Heterologous Genes in Escherichia coli , 1986 .

[26]  C. S. Parker,et al.  The saccharomyces and Drosophila heat shock transcription factors are identical in size and DNA binding properties , 1987, Cell.

[27]  R. Tjian,et al.  Two transcriptional activators, CCAAT-box-binding transcription factor and heat shock transcription factor, interact with a human hsp70 gene promoter , 1987, Molecular and cellular biology.

[28]  R. W. Davis,et al.  Efficient isolation of genes by using antibody probes. , 1983, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[29]  A. Hinnebusch.  Evidence for translational regulation of the activator of general amino acid control in yeast. , 1984, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[30]  D. Hanahan.  Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids. , 1983, Journal of molecular biology.

[31]  S. McKnight,et al.  The leucine zipper: a hypothetical structure common to a new class of DNA binding proteins. , 1988, Science.

[32]  C. S. Parker,et al.  Transcriptional activation by the SV40 AP-1 recognition element in yeast is mediated by a factor similar to AP-1 that is distinct from GCN4 , 1988, Cell.

[33]  T. Hunter,et al.  Oncogene jun encodes a sequence-specific trans- activator similar to AP-1 , 1988, Nature.

[34]  R. Taggart,et al.  Stable antibody-producing murine hybridomas. , 1983, Science.

[35]  D. Botstein,et al.  Advanced bacterial genetics , 1980 .

[36]  H. Malke.  R. W. Davis, D. Botstein and J. R. Roth, A Manual for Genetic Engineering, Advanced Bacterial Genetics. 251 S., 15 Abb. Cold Spring Harbor 1980. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. $ 28.20 , 1981 .

[37]  Robert Tjian,et al.  Transcriptional selectivity of viral genes in mammalian cells , 1986, Cell.

[38]  R. Rothstein.  One-step gene disruption in yeast. , 1983, Methods in enzymology.

[39]  Jun Ma,et al.  A new class of yeast transcriptional activators , 1987, Cell.

[40]  S. Emr,et al.  The amino terminus of the yeast F1-ATPase beta-subunit precursor functions as a mitochondrial import signal , 1986, The Journal of cell biology.

[41]  G. Hong,et al.  Buffer gradient gels and 35S label as an aid to rapid DNA sequence determination. , 1983, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[42]  G. Fink,et al.  Eviction and transplacement of mutant genes in yeast. , 1983, Methods in enzymology.

[43]  P. Rigby,et al.  Trans-acting protein factors and the regulation of eukaryotic transcription: lessons from studies on DNA tumor viruses. , 1988, Genes & development.

[44]  G. Fink,et al.  Methods in yeast genetics , 1979 .

[45]  K. Struhl.  The DNA-binding domains of the jun oncoprotein and the yeast GCN4 transcriptional activator protein are functionally homologous , 1987, Cell.

[46]  K. Struhl.  Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional mapping of the yeast pet56-his3-ded1 gene region. , 1985, Nucleic acids research.

[47]  A. Travers,et al.  Upstream elements necessary for optimal function of the hsp 70 promoter in transformed flies , 1984, Cell.

[48]  S. McKnight,et al.  Isolation of a recombinant copy of the gene encoding C/EBP. , 1988, Genes & development.

[49]  C. S. Parker,et al.  A Drosophila RNA polymerase II transcription factor contains a promoter-region-specific DNA-binding activity , 1984, Cell.

[50]  H. Pelham.  Activation of heat-shock genes in eukaryotes , 1985 .

[51]  C. S. Parker,et al.  A drosophila RNA polymerase II transcription factor binds to the regulatory site of an hsp 70 gene , 1984, Cell.

[52]  F. Kramer,et al.  Structure-independent nucleotide sequence analysis. , 1979, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[53]  D. Lipman,et al.  Rapid and sensitive protein similarity searches. , 1985, Science.

[54]  H. Pelham.  A regulatory upstream promoter element in the Drosophila Hsp 70 heat-shock gene , 1982, Cell.

[55]  K. Struhl,et al.  GCN4 protein, synthesize in vitro, binds HIS3 regulatory sequences: Implications for general control of amino acid biosynthetic genes in yeast , 1985, Cell.

[56]  R. Tjian,et al.  Human proto-oncogene c-jun encodes a DNA binding protein with structural and functional properties of transcription factor AP-1. , 1987, Science.

[57]  H. Xiao,et al.  Germline transformation used to define key features of heat-shock response elements. , 1988, Science.

[58]  G. Thireos,et al.  5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene. , 1984, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[59]  M. Churchill,et al.  Mapping functional regions of transcription factor TFIIIA , 1988, Molecular and cellular biology.

[60]  F. Ruddle,et al.  Use of a protein-blotting procedure and a specific DNA probe to identify nuclear proteins that recognize the promoter region of the transferrin receptor gene. , 1985, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[61]  R. Young,et al.  [51] Gene isolation by screening λgt11 libraries with antibodies , 1987 .

[62]  P. Y. Chou,et al.  β-turns in proteins☆ , 1977 .

[63]  F. Sanger,et al.  DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. , 1977, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[64]  Jun Ma,et al.  Deletion analysis of GAL4 defines two transcriptional activating segments , 1987, Cell.

[65]  D. Hanahan,et al.  Plasmid screening at high colony density. , 1980, Gene.

[66]  T. Maniatis,et al.  Regulation of inducible and tissue-specific gene expression. , 1987, Science.

[67]  W. Gilbert,et al.  Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. , 1980, Methods in enzymology.

[68]  M. Rosenberg,et al.  Expression, identification, and characterization of recombinant gene products in Escherichia coli. , 1987, Methods in enzymology.

[69]  A Klug,et al.  Repetitive zinc‐binding domains in the protein transcription factor IIIA from Xenopus oocytes. , 1985, The EMBO journal.