Impact of Intimate Partner Violence on Pregnant Women's Mental Health: Mental Distress and Mental Strength

The mental health consequences of living with intimate partner violence (IPV) are substantial. Despite the growing awareness of the incidence of depression and PTSD in women experiencing IPV, few studies have examined prospectively the experience of IPV during pregnancy and the impact of the abuse on women's mental health. As a component of a larger clinical trial of an intervention for pregnant abused women, 27 women participated in a qualitative study of their responses to the abuse in the context of pregnancy and parenting. Results indicate that women's changing perceptions of self was related to mental distress, mental health, or both mental distress and mental health.

[1]  G. Bogat,et al.  Family Support and Mental Health in Pregnant Women Experiencing Interpersonal Partner Violence: An Analysis of Ethnic Differences , 2005, American journal of community psychology.

[2]  K. Lutz Abuse Experiences, Perceptions, and Associated Decisions During the Childbearing Cycle , 2005, Western journal of nursing research.

[3]  S. Woods PREVALENCE AND PATTERNS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN ABUSED AND POSTABUSED WOMEN , 2000, Issues in mental health nursing.

[4]  G. Bogat,et al.  Domestic violence, maternal parenting, maternal mental health, and infant externalizing behavior. , 2006, Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association.

[5]  Jacquelyn C. Campbell,et al.  Current evidence on perinatal home visiting and intimate partner violence. , 2008, Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN.

[6]  K. Grumbach,et al.  Screening and intervention for intimate partner abuse: practices and attitudes of primary care physicians. , 1999, JAMA.

[7]  J. Cox,et al.  Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in non-postnatal women. , 1996, Journal of affective disorders.

[8]  J. Davidson,et al.  Assessment of a new self-rating scale for post-traumatic stress disorder , 1997, Psychological Medicine.

[9]  L. L. Marshall,et al.  Distress and Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Abused Women , 1995, Violence and Victims.

[10]  P. Tjaden,et al.  Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women , 2000 .

[11]  D. Olds,et al.  Programs for parents of infants and toddlers: recent evidence from randomized trials. , 2007, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[12]  J. Mcfarlane,et al.  Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in abused women in a primary care setting. , 1997, Journal of women's health.

[13]  R. Devellis,et al.  Measuring battering: development of the Women's Experience with Battering (WEB) Scale. , 1995, Women's health.

[14]  K. Rhodes,et al.  Intimate partner violence and mental health symptoms in African American female ED patients. , 2006, The American journal of emergency medicine.

[15]  Kristin C. Carbone-López,et al.  Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence and Their Associations with Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Substance Use , 2006, Public health reports.

[16]  Michael P Carey,et al.  Intimate partner violence and sexual coercion among pregnant women in India: relationship with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. , 2007, Journal of affective disorders.

[17]  A. Tiwari,et al.  The impact of psychological abuse by an intimate partner on the mental health of pregnant women , 2008, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[18]  M. Stein,et al.  Major depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder comorbidity in female victims of intimate partner violence. , 2001, Journal of affective disorders.

[19]  M. Cascardi,et al.  Co-occurrence and Correlates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression in Physically Abused Women , 1999, Journal of Family Violence.

[20]  J. Du Mont,et al.  Abuse: a risk factor for low birth weight? A systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2001, CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.

[21]  M. Astin,et al.  Posttraumatic stress disorder and childhood abuse in battered women: comparisons with maritally distressed women. , 1995, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[22]  D. Holohan,et al.  Impact of childhood traumatic events, trauma-related guilt, and avoidant coping strategies on PTSD symptoms in female survivors of domestic violence. , 2005, Journal of traumatic stress.

[23]  Jacquelyn C. Campbell,et al.  Mental and physical health effects of intimate partner violence on women and children. , 1997, The Psychiatric clinics of North America.

[24]  D. Foy,et al.  Posttraumatic stress disorder among battered women: risk and resiliency factors. , 1993, Violence and victims.

[25]  L Séguin,et al.  Chronic Stressors, Social Support, and Depression During Pregnancy , 1995, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[26]  R. R. Abidin,et al.  Parenting Stress Index , 2011 .

[27]  L. Pagani,et al.  Clinical assessment of dangerousness : empirical contributions , 2001 .

[28]  S. Orr,et al.  Social support and pregnancy outcome: a review of the literature. , 2004, Clinical obstetrics and gynecology.

[29]  J. Gazmararian,et al.  Prevalence of violence against pregnant women. , 1996, JAMA.

[30]  Jacquelyn C. Campbell,et al.  Risk Assessment for Intimate Partner Homicide , 2000 .

[31]  S. Peckover Supporting and policing mothers: an analysis of the disciplinary practices of health visiting. , 2002, Journal of advanced nursing.

[32]  J. Golding Intimate Partner Violence as a Risk Factor for Mental Disorders: A Meta-Analysis , 1999, Journal of Family Violence.

[33]  E. Echeburúa,et al.  The impact of physical, psychological, and sexual intimate male partner violence on women's mental health: depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder, state anxiety, and suicide. , 2006, Journal of women's health.

[34]  Jacquelyn C. Campbell,et al.  Abuse During Pregnancy in Industrialized and Developing Countries , 2004 .

[35]  D. Sugarman,et al.  The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) , 1996 .

[36]  P. Nishith,et al.  An exploration of comorbid depression among female victims of intimate partner violence with posttraumatic stress disorder. , 2004, Journal of affective disorders.

[37]  P. Tjaden,et al.  Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence Against Women: Findings From the National Violence Against Women Survey , 1998 .

[38]  N. Eshel,et al.  Responsive parenting: interventions and outcomes. , 2006, Bulletin of the World Health Organization.