Single-top quark physics at the LHC: from precision measurements to rare processes and top quark properties

Since the first measurements of single-top quark production at the Tevatron, a tremendous progress has been made at the LHC in the understanding of the main production mechanisms and of the associated production of a top quark with a neutral boson. In this article, we review the measurements of the three main production mechanisms (t-channel, s-channel and tW production), and of the associated production with a photon, a Z boson, or a Higgs boson. Differential cross sections are measured for several of these processes. The top quark properties that can be measured in single-top quark processes are scrutinized, such as Wtb couplings and couplings of the top quark with neutral bosons, as well as the $W$ boson and top quark polarizations. Perspectives for further measurements at the LHC Run 3 and at the HL-LHC are sketched in conclusions.

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