Solitary Waves in Large Blood Vessels

In order to elucidate the dynamical features of the pulsatile blood flow in large arteries, we propose a soliton theory for a simplified and an idealized model-system of the blood motion in large blood vessels. The theory is performed for an infinitely long, straight, circular, homogeneous thin-walled elastic tube filled with an ideal fluid. It is shown the pulse waves of pressure and flow propagating through the arteries can be described as solitary waves excited by cardiac ejections of blood and the features of the pulse wave such as “peaking” and “steepening” are interpreted in the viewpoint of soliton. The clinical importance of the “lowest blood pressure” and the “pulse-pressure”, which corresponds to the amplitude of pressure pule-wave, is physically explained by the formula obtained from our theory.

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