Application of Tornado-Flow Fundamental Hydrodynamic Theory to the Study of Blood Flow in the Heart and Main Vessels: Design of New Implantable and Accessory Devices for Cardiovascular Surgery

The study of the hydrodynamic structure of Tornado-like swirling viscous flows had proved that these flows possess strictly organized laminar structure which can be exhaustively described using the exact solution of no stationary NavierStocks and Continuity equations [6]. The flows of this type belong to the class of quasi-potential self-organizing swirling flows that serve the restoration of equilibrium in nature. These flows are characterized by a high efficiency of medium transportation while the energy losses are minimized. This consists in the significant decrease of hydrodynamic resistance and special organization of boundary layer. Recent studies performed in Bakoulev Center for Cardiovascular Surgery have proved that the structure of blood flow corresponds to the class of Tornado-like swirling flows. This allows calculating the optimum geometry of the reconstructed flow channel of the heart and major arteries, excluding the disturbance of the flow. Therefore, the exact solution can serve as the basis for design of implantable devices contacting with the blood flow in order to prevent distortion of its structure. The most of currently used substituting implantable devices contacting with the blood, do not take into account the peculiar hydrodynamic properties of blood flow in the heart and great vessels. This leads to the formation of undesired disturbance of the hydrodynamic flow structure, i.e. stagnant or separation zones, which can create conditions for thrombus formation and hyperplasia. The following constructions have been proposed. The aortic valve