Object-oriented specification of coordinated collaboration

Object-oriented specification mechanisms have become famous for modelling structure and behaviour together in terms of autonomous objects communicating via message passing. However, whereas most object-oriented specification methods are strong in modelling the local behaviour of single objects, they fall short on modelling the coordinated behaviour and collaboration of several objects together. The aim of this paper is to contribute to fill this gap. The paper reports on concepts, language constructs, and experiences with three collaboration formalisms in the area of object-oriented specifications.