Green synthesis of Pd/Fe3O4 composite based on polyDOPA functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical detection of nitrite in cured food

Abstract A green and effective route was used to synthesize Pd/Fe 3 O 4 /polyDOPA/RGO for in situ nucleation and growth of Fe 3 O 4 and Pd on reduced graphene oxide (RGO), based on the polyDOPA (3,4-Dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine, DOPA) coating as a versatile platform. The Pd/Fe 3 O 4 /polyDOPA/RGO composite showed superior electrocatalytic activity toward nitrite oxidation due to electronic effect. The amperometric response results demonstrated that Pd/Fe 3 O 4 /polyDOPA/RGO modified glassy carbon electrode was further employed to determine nitrite with a wide linear range of 2.5–6470 μM and a low detection limit of 0.5 μM. With good anti-interference toward various anions and cations and good stability, the proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of nitrite in Yellow River water and sausage extract with satisfactory results. Moreover, this sensor could be used to effectively monitor the change of nitrite content during the rapid corruption of Chinese cabbage. It was found that the content of nitrite reached at the maximum level within one day and then decreased to a low level after three day-corruption, which was agreed with the tendency measured by ionic chromatography.

[1]  G. Jiang,et al.  A mussel-inspired polydopamine coating as a versatile platform for the in situ synthesis of graphene-based nanocomposites. , 2012, Nanoscale.

[2]  E. Yanful,et al.  Chemical states in XPS and Raman analysis during removal of Cr(VI) from contaminated water by mixed maghemite-magnetite nanoparticles. , 2012, Journal of hazardous materials.

[3]  Peng Miao,et al.  Functionalization of platinum nanoparticles for electrochemical detection of nitrite , 2011, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.

[4]  A. Salimi,et al.  Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide nanosheets as a novel electrochemical and bioeletrochemical sensing platform. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[5]  Tim M. Schierenbeck,et al.  Path to Impact for Autonomous Field Deployable Chemical Sensors: A Case Study of in Situ Nitrite Sensors. , 2017, Environmental science & technology.

[6]  D. Xue,et al.  One-step reduction and functionalization protocol to synthesize polydopamine wrapping Ag/graphene hybrid for efficient oxidation of hydroquinone to benzoquinone , 2014 .

[7]  M. S. Dharmaprakash,et al.  Electrochemical Detection of Nitrite Using Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Silver Nanospheres (AgNS) Obtained by Green Synthesis Using Pre-hydrolysed Liquor , 2017 .

[8]  Liqun Mao,et al.  Microwave-assisted synthesis graphite-supported Pd nanoparticles for detection of nitrite , 2015 .

[9]  D. Tsikas Simultaneous derivatization and quantification of the nitric oxide metabolites nitrite and nitrate in biological fluids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. , 2000, Analytical chemistry.

[10]  Ya Zhang,et al.  Electrocatalysis and detection of nitrite on a reduced graphene/Pd nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode , 2013 .

[11]  Haeshin Lee,et al.  Mussel-Inspired Surface Chemistry for Multifunctional Coatings , 2007, Science.

[12]  G. Absalan,et al.  Highly sensitive determination of nitrite using a carbon ionic liquid electrode modified with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle , 2015, Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society.

[13]  Kiattisak Promsuwan,et al.  Flow injection amperometric nitrite sensor based on silver microcubics-poly (acrylic acid)/poly (vinyl alcohol) modified screen printed carbon electrode , 2017 .

[14]  M. Qiao,et al.  Graphene-supported metal/metal oxide nanohybrids: synthesis and applications in heterogeneous catalysis , 2015 .

[15]  Yang Liu,et al.  Methods for the detection and determination of nitrite and nitrate: A review. , 2017, Talanta.

[16]  Y. Li,et al.  Novel metal-organic gels of bis(benzimidazole)-based ligands with copper(II) for electrochemical selectively sensing of nitrite , 2017 .

[17]  A. Ensafi,et al.  Simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate in various samples using flow-injection spectrophotometric detection , 2001 .

[18]  Songqin Liu,et al.  Polydopamine induced in-situ growth of Au nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide as an efficient biosensing platform for ultrasensitive detection of bisphenol A , 2017 .

[19]  P. Tian,et al.  Insight into active sites of Pd–Au/TiO2 catalysts in hydrogen peroxide synthesis directly from H2 and O2 , 2014 .

[20]  T. Yamashita,et al.  Analysis of XPS spectra of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions in oxide materials , 2008 .

[21]  R. Naik,et al.  Bioinspired High-Performance Energetic Materials Using Heme-Containing Crystals. , 2015, Small.

[22]  W. You,et al.  Investigation of Dopamine Analogues: Synthesis, Mechanistic Understanding, and Structure-Property Relationship. , 2016, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[23]  Da Chen,et al.  Graphene oxide: preparation, functionalization, and electrochemical applications. , 2012, Chemical reviews.

[24]  Haiyu Zhou,et al.  A glassy carbon electrode modified with nanoporous PdFe alloy for highly sensitive continuous determination of nitrite , 2015, Microchimica Acta.

[25]  Li Gao,et al.  A sensitive and selective electrochemical nitrite sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with cobalt phthalocyanine-supported Pd nanoparticles , 2017 .

[26]  Hu-lin Li,et al.  High dispersion and electrocatalytic properties of Pt nanoparticles on SWNT bundles , 2004 .

[27]  Yan Li,et al.  Layer-by-layer construction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide, and gold nanoparticles integrated composite electrode for nitrite detection , 2011 .

[28]  M. Etesami,et al.  Preparation of Pt/MWCNTs Catalyst by Taguchi Method for Electrooxidation of Nitrite , 2016, Journal of Analytical Chemistry.

[29]  Jianbin Zheng,et al.  Facile synthesis of TiO2-functionalized graphene nanosheet-supported Ag catalyst and its electrochemical oxidation of nitrite , 2015, Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society.

[30]  Lijun He,et al.  Effective indirect enrichment and determination of nitrite ion in water and biological samples using ionic liquid-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. , 2011, Journal of chromatography. A.

[31]  D. Jovanović,et al.  Electrochemical behavior of palladium modified amino-functionalized macroporous copolymer , 2017 .

[32]  D. Xue,et al.  Green synthesis of Pt-Au dendrimer-like nanoparticles supported on polydopamine-functionalized graphene and their high performance toward 4-nitrophenol reduction , 2016 .

[33]  N. Alice Lee,et al.  Nitrate and nitrite quantification from cured meat and vegetables and their estimated dietary intake in Australians , 2009 .

[34]  Zuming Hu,et al.  Mussel-adhesive-inspired fabrication of multifunctional silver nanoparticle assemblies. , 2015, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[35]  M. Ehsan,et al.  Electrochemical sensing of nitrite using a copper–titanium oxide composite derived from a hexanuclear complex , 2016 .

[36]  M. Amini,et al.  Highly selective optical nitrite sensor for food analysis based on Lauth's violet-triacetyl cellulose membrane film. , 2012, Food chemistry.

[37]  Benjaram M. Reddy,et al.  Magnetic Nanohybrid Decorated Porous Organic Polymer: Synergistic Catalyst for High Performance Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation , 2017 .

[38]  Haiyan Wang,et al.  Sensitive and selective electrochemiluminescent detection of nitrite using dual-stabilizer-capped CdTe quantum dots , 2013 .

[39]  Michael J. Tarlov,et al.  Characterization of polydopamine thin films deposited at short times by autoxidation of dopamine. , 2013, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[40]  X. Xia,et al.  Hybrids of gold nanoparticles highly dispersed on graphene for the oxygen reduction reaction , 2014 .

[41]  Mingji Li,et al.  Simultaneous Determination of Small Biomolecules and Nitrite Using an Au/TiO2/Carbon Nanotube Composite-Modified Electrode , 2016 .

[42]  K. Park,et al.  Recent developments in hybrid iron oxide–noble metal nanocatalysts for organic reactions , 2016 .

[43]  Euna Ko,et al.  Electrochemical detection of nitrite using urchin-like palladium nanostructures on carbon nanotube thin film electrodes , 2014 .

[44]  Chandran Karunakaran,et al.  ARM-microcontroller based portable nitrite electrochemical analyzer using cytochrome c reductase biofunctionalized onto screen printed carbon electrode. , 2017, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[45]  Jin Wang,et al.  Electrochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles decorated flower-like graphene for high sensitivity detection of nitrite. , 2017, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[46]  V. Chiono,et al.  PolyDOPA Mussel-Inspired Coating as a Means for Hydroxyapatite Entrapment on Polytetrafluoroethylene Surface for Application in Periodontal Diseases. , 2016, Macromolecular bioscience.

[47]  Junming Sun,et al.  Enhanced Fe2O3 Reducibility via Surface Modification with Pd: Characterizing the Synergy within Pd/Fe Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation Reactions , 2014 .