Predicting Compliance Intention on Zakah on Employment Income in Malaysia: An Application of Reasoned Action Theory

Many factors have been proposed to influence compliance a behavior to zakah giving in the literature. However, little has been said about attention as one of the influencing factors even though it has been suggested as key in determining one's behavior. Using the theory of reasoned action developed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) as the underlying theoritical base, the present study was carried out to identify the determining factors of subjective norms and attitudes toward zakah on behavioural intention to comply with zakah on employement income amongst Muslims. In other words, the present research primarily intended to investigate to what zakah on empployement income by adding a path from subjective norms to attitudes toward zakah. The results of the study reveal that both subjective norms and attitudes influenced compliance behaviour with employement income. Further, the model's goodness of fit also suggests a better result when the path was iincluded. It is revealed that both the direct and indirect effects of subjective norms of behavioral intention were significant. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that a Muslim person's intention to pay zakah could be predicted from his/her subjective norms and attitudes toward zakah at 48% level. Implications for theory and practice are also discussed. ABSTRAK Karya lalu mencadangkan banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkah laku kepatuhan zakat. Bagaimanapun, hanya sebahagian kecil sahaja yang mencadangkan niat sebagi salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan tingkah laku. Dengan menggunakan teori tindakan bersebab yang dibangunkan oleh Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) sebagai asas teoritis dasar, kajian ini dijalnkan bagi mengenal pasti norma subjektif dan sikap sebagai faktor penentu bagi niat kepatuhan zakat penggajian di kalangan orang Islam. Dengan kata lain, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sejauh mana model teoritis boleh digunakan untuk meramal niat kepatuhan zakat penggajian dengan menambah satu laluan (path) dari norma subjektif ke sikap terhadap niat kepatuhan zakat. Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa kedua-dua norma subjektif dan sikap mempengaruhi kepatuhan zakat penggajian. Tambahan lagi, kebagusssuaian model juga menunjukkan hasil ayng lebih baik apabila laluan dimasukkan ke dalam model. Ini terbukti apabila kesan langsung dan tidak langsung norma subjektif terhadap niat kepatuhan adalah signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ini, bolehlah disimpulkan bahawa niat seseorang Muslim untuk membayar zakat penggajian boleh diramal daripada norma subjektif dan sikapnya terhadap zakat pada tahap 48%. Limitasi kajian dan implikasi terhadap teori dan praktis ada dibincangkan.

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