A Clinical Research on Real-Time Monitoring of Cerebral Edema After Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage Based on Near-Field Coupling Phase Shift Technology

A novel method was developed based on near-field coupling phase shift (NFCPS) to perform non-contact and bedside monitoring of cerebral edema in the intensive care unit (ICU). A total of 17 subjects were selected to conduct real-time NFCPS monitoring of cerebral edema and divided into surgical group, conservative group and control group. The data were collected at an interval of 12 h, until the patients left the ICU for various reasons, such as being transferred to the general ward or discharged from the hospital. Continuous collection was conducted for 15 min at each time point and then the phase shift was recorded as the NFCPS value. The computed tomography (CT) images of the surgical group and the conservative group were obtained at the same time points. The surgical group had the most drastic changes (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$- 3.42\,\pm \,6.0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> degrees, at 12 h; <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$- 12.85\,\pm \,10.58$ </tex-math></inline-formula> degrees, at 24 h; <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$- 5.04\,\pm \,2.65$ </tex-math></inline-formula> degrees, at 36 h; <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.05~\pm ~5.74$ </tex-math></inline-formula> degrees, at 48 h). The overall brain conductivity may show a decreasing trend at first and then a rising trend in patients who suffer from a hemorrhagic stroke. The comparative analysis of NFCPS and CT images revealed that NFCPS can also reflect the pathophysiological changes of the brain. This research demonstrates the robust clinical feasibility of NFCPS in the non-invasive real-time monitoring of cerebral edema. In addition, the change characteristics of the overall brain conductivity in hemorrhagic stroke patients provide guidance for subsequent research.