A new approach in heat exchangers for massive transfusion.

SUMMARY Previous heat exchangers have usually been coiled tubing. The described polyvinyl chloride plastic exchanger is a simple flat design which provides effective warming. The output temperatures and infusion temperatures with blood and iced water are reported for flows up to 172 ml/min. Measurements of resistance to flow with blood in the laboratory and in paired patient infusions are recorded and the results of checks for haemolysis with this exchanger are given. The practical aspects of using the exchanger and the factors affecting performance are discussed.

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