Drying of cellular material—I. A mass transfer theory

Abstract The method of volume averaging is used to present a general theoretical analysis of the problem of mass transfer during the drying of shrinking multiphase systems. The results are used to derive a complete theory for the drying of cellular materials in the stage during which the cellular structure prevails. Constitutive equations for the diffusive flux of water in each phase of the system and the assumption of local equilibrium are used to obtain the one-equation model of water transport. The method of closure for the spatial deviations is discussed in detail, and a closure scheme is developed that allows for theoretical prediction of the effective mass conductivity tensor.