Avida
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] C. Ofria,et al. Evolution of digital organisms at high mutation rates leads to survival of the flattest , 2001, Nature.
[2] Bill O'Neill,et al. Digital Evolution , 2003, PLoS biology.
[3] C. Darwin. The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, Or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life , 1859 .
[4] M. Pagel. Encyclopedia of evolution , 2002 .
[5] D. Nilsson,et al. A pessimistic estimate of the time required for an eye to evolve , 1994, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.
[6] A. Gray,et al. I. THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION , 1963 .
[7] Wolfgang Stephan,et al. Selective sweeps in the presence of interference among partially linked loci. , 2003, Genetics.
[8] Christoph Adami,et al. Abundance-Distributions in Artificial Life and Stochastic Models: "Age and Area" Revisited , 1995, ECAL.
[9] Steen Rasmussen,et al. The coreworld: emergence and evolution of cooperative structures in a computational chemistry , 1990 .
[10] C. Adami. Digital genetics: unravelling the genetic basis of evolution , 2006, Nature Reviews Genetics.
[11] Andrés Moya,et al. Validating viral quasispecies with digital organisms: a re-examination of the critical mutation rate , 2005, BMC Evolutionary Biology.
[12] Claus O Wilke,et al. Maternal effects in molecular evolution. , 2001, Physical review letters.
[13] Ye Li,et al. Digital Evolution in Time-Dependent Fitness Landscapes , 2004, Artificial Life.
[14] Chris Adami,et al. Propagation of Information in Populations of Self-Replicating Code , 1996 .
[15] John R. Koza,et al. Genetic Programming IV: Routine Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence , 2003 .
[16] A. Wilkins. The Evolution of Developmental Pathways , 2001 .
[17] Peter J. Morin,et al. Biodiversity's ups and downs , 2000, Nature.
[18] John Maynard Smith,et al. Byte-sized evolution , 1992, Nature.
[19] T. Ferenci,et al. Adaptive mgl-regulatory mutations and genetic diversity evolving in glucose-limited Escherichia coli populations. , 1999, Environmental microbiology.
[20] Charles Ofria,et al. Using Avida to Test the Effects of Natural Selection on Phylogenetic Reconstruction Methods , 2004, Artificial Life.
[21] D. Hartl,et al. Principles of population genetics , 1981 .
[22] Claus O. Wilke,et al. Evolution of Resource Competition between Mutually Dependent Digital Organisms , 2004, Artificial Life.
[23] D. Schluter. Ecology and the origin of species. , 2001, Trends in ecology & evolution.
[24] J. Drake,et al. Mutation rates among RNA viruses. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
[25] J. Willis. Age and Area , 1926, The Quarterly Review of Biology.
[26] G. Yedid,et al. Microevolution in an Electronic Microcosm , 2001, The American Naturalist.
[27] Christoph Adami,et al. Experiments in Digital Evolution (Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue) , 2004, Artificial Life.
[28] Robert T. Pennock,et al. The evolutionary origin of complex features , 2003, Nature.
[29] D. Schluter. Ecological Causes of Adaptive Radiation , 1996, The American Naturalist.
[30] C. Wilke,et al. Evolution of mutational robustness. , 2003, Mutation research.
[31] C. Ofria,et al. Sexual reproduction reshapes the genetic architecture of digital organisms , 2006, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.
[32] Kunihiko Kaneko Ichiro Tsuda,et al. Constructive complexity and artificial reality: an introduction , 1994, adap-org/9407001.
[33] Christoph Adami,et al. Design of evolvable computer languages , 2002, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..
[34] C. Ofria,et al. Adaptive Radiation from Resource Competition in Digital Organisms , 2004, Science.
[35] T. Ferenci,et al. The generation of multiple co-existing mal-regulatory mutations through polygenic evolution in glucose-limited populations of Escherichia coli. , 1999, Environmental microbiology.
[36] Terence Soule,et al. Resilient Individuals Improve Evolutionary Search , 2006, Artificial Life.
[37] R. Lenski,et al. Microbial genetics: Evolution experiments with microorganisms: the dynamics and genetic bases of adaptation , 2003, Nature Reviews Genetics.
[38] Philip Gerlee,et al. The Genetic Coding Style of Digital Organisms , 2005, ECAL.
[39] J. Oakeshott,et al. A single amino acid substitution converts a carboxylesterase to an organophosphorus hydrolase and confers insecticide resistance on a blowfly. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
[40] C. Ofria,et al. Genome complexity, robustness and genetic interactions in digital organisms , 1999, Nature.
[41] Michael Travisano,et al. Adaptive radiation in a heterogeneous environment , 1998, Nature.
[42] D. Green,et al. Interactions matter—complexity in landscapes and ecosystems , 2005 .
[43] G. Yedid,et al. Macroevolution simulated with autonomously replicating computer programs , 2002, Nature.
[44] Christoph Adami,et al. Bifurcation into Functional Niches in Adaptation , 2004, Artificial Life.
[45] D. Tilman. Resource competition and community structure. , 1983, Monographs in population biology.
[46] C. Adami,et al. Evolution of Biological Complexity , 2000, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.
[47] Chrystopher L. Nehaniv,et al. Evolvability of the Genotype-Phenotype Relation in Populations of Self-Replicating Digital Organisms in a Tierra-Like System , 2003, ECAL.
[48] Paul B Rainey,et al. Studies of Adaptive Radiation Using Model Microbial Systems , 2000, The American Naturalist.
[49] D. Tilman. Causes, consequences and ethics of biodiversity , 2000, Nature.
[50] Clive Richards,et al. The Blind Watchmaker , 1987, Bristol Medico-Chirurgical Journal.
[51] Charles Ofria,et al. Evolution of stable ecosystems in populations of digital organisms , 2002 .
[52] G. McVean,et al. The effects of Hill-Robertson interference between weakly selected mutations on patterns of molecular evolution and variation. , 2000, Genetics.
[53] M. Nowak. Evolutionary Dynamics: Exploring the Equations of Life , 2006 .
[54] C. Wilke,et al. The biology of digital organisms , 2002 .
[55] David E. Goldberg,et al. The Design of Innovation: Lessons from and for Competent Genetic Algorithms , 2002 .
[56] Thomas S. Ray,et al. An Approach to the Synthesis of Life , 1991 .
[57] Willem Zuidema,et al. Evolution: the erratic path towards complexity , 2003, Current Biology.
[58] H. A. Orr,et al. The rate of adaptation in asexuals. , 2000, Genetics.