Skeleton-Sectional Structural Analysis for 3D Printing

Abstract3D printing has become popular and has been widely used in various applications in recent years. More and more home users have motivation to design their own models and then fabricate them using 3D printers. However, the printed objects may have some structural or stress defects as the users may be lack of knowledge on stress analysis on 3D models. In this paper, we present an approach to help users analyze a model’s structural strength while designing its shape. We adopt sectional structural analysis instead of conventional FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis which is computationally expensive. Based on sectional structural analysis, our approach imports skeletons to assist in integrating mesh designing, strength computing and mesh correction well. Skeletons can also guide sections building and load calculation for analysis. For weak regions with high stress over a threshold value in the model from analysis result, our system corrects them by scaling the corresponding bones of skeleton so as to make these regions stiff enough. A number of experiments have demonstrated the applicability and practicability of our approach.

[1]  Baining Guo,et al.  Motion-guided mechanical toy modeling , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[2]  Alexander Bucksch,et al.  SkelTre - Robust skeleton extraction from imperfect point clouds , 2010, Vis. Comput..

[3]  Tamal K. Dey,et al.  Defining and computing curve-skeletons with medial geodesic function , 2006, SGP '06.

[4]  Yin Yang,et al.  Agile structural analysis for fabrication-aware shape editing , 2015, Comput. Aided Geom. Des..

[5]  Wojciech Matusik,et al.  Chopper: partitioning models into 3D-printable parts , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[6]  Tim Weyrich,et al.  Fabricating microgeometry for custom surface reflectance , 2009, ACM Trans. Graph..

[7]  Michael M. Kazhdan,et al.  Fast Mean‐Curvature Flow via Finite‐Elements Tracking , 2011, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[8]  Deborah Silver,et al.  Curve-Skeleton Properties, Applications, and Algorithms , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics.

[9]  Tong-Yee Lee,et al.  Skeleton extraction by mesh contraction , 2008, SIGGRAPH 2008.

[10]  Ariel Shamir,et al.  On‐the‐fly Curve‐skeleton Computation for 3D Shapes , 2007, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[11]  Ligang Liu,et al.  Analysis, reconstruction and manipulation using arterial snakes , 2010, ACM Trans. Graph..

[12]  Di Wang,et al.  Digital assembly and direct fabrication of mechanism based on selective laser melting , 2013 .

[13]  M. Gross,et al.  Fabricating translucent materials using continuous pigment mixtures , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[14]  Baining Guo,et al.  Printing spatially-varying reflectance for reproducing HDR images , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[15]  Andrea Tagliasacchi,et al.  Mean Curvature Skeletons , 2012, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[16]  Baining Guo,et al.  Fabricating spatially-varying subsurface scattering , 2010, ACM Trans. Graph..

[17]  Wojciech Matusik,et al.  Printing spatially-varying reflectance , 2009, ACM Trans. Graph..

[18]  Chi-Wing Fu,et al.  Making burr puzzles from 3D models , 2011, ACM Trans. Graph..

[19]  Doug L. James,et al.  Fabricating articulated characters from skinned meshes , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[20]  Ligang Liu,et al.  Cost-effective printing of 3D objects with skin-frame structures , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[21]  Daniel Cohen-Or,et al.  Curve skeleton extraction from incomplete point cloud , 2009, ACM Trans. Graph..

[22]  Denis Zorin,et al.  Worst-case structural analysis , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[23]  Jovan Popovic,et al.  Automatic rigging and animation of 3D characters , 2007, ACM Trans. Graph..

[24]  Olga Sorkine-Hornung,et al.  Spin-it , 2014, ACM Trans. Graph..

[25]  Robert E. Williams,et al.  An efficient curvature‐based partitioning of large‐scale STL models , 2011 .

[26]  Wilmot Li,et al.  Designing and fabricating mechanical automata from mocap sequences , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[27]  Silvia Biasotti,et al.  Graph-based representations of point clouds , 2011, Graph. Model..

[28]  Alexandru Telea,et al.  Voxel-Based Assessment of Printability of 3D Shapes , 2011, ISMM.

[29]  Frédo Durand,et al.  Fabricating BRDFs at high spatial resolution using wave optics , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[30]  Nobuyuki Umetani,et al.  Cross-sectional structural analysis for 3D printing optimization , 2013, SIGGRAPH ASIA Technical Briefs.

[31]  Peng Song,et al.  Recursive interlocking puzzles , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..

[32]  Yue Dong,et al.  Bi-scale appearance fabrication , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[33]  Ralph R. Martin,et al.  Curve skeleton extraction by coupled graph contraction and surface clustering , 2013, Graph. Model..

[34]  Ramin Samadani,et al.  Printing reflectance functions , 2012, TOGS.

[35]  Matt Olson,et al.  Automatic reconstruction of tree skeletal structures from point clouds , 2010, ACM Trans. Graph..

[36]  Xiaolong Zhang,et al.  Medial axis tree - an internal supporting structure for 3D printing , 2015, Comput. Aided Geom. Des..

[37]  Wojciech Matusik,et al.  Spec2Fab , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[38]  Wojciech Matusik,et al.  Physical reproduction of materials with specified subsurface scattering , 2010, ACM Trans. Graph..

[39]  Ayellet Tal,et al.  Hierarchical mesh decomposition using fuzzy clustering and cuts , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[40]  Taku Komura,et al.  Topology matching for fully automatic similarity estimation of 3D shapes , 2001, SIGGRAPH.

[41]  Wojciech Matusik,et al.  Computational design of mechanical characters , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[42]  Junjie Cao,et al.  Point Cloud Skeletons via Laplacian Based Contraction , 2010, 2010 Shape Modeling International Conference.

[43]  Wojciech Matusik,et al.  OpenFab , 2013, ACM Trans. Graph..

[44]  P. Sharma Mechanics of materials. , 2010, Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine.

[45]  M. Otaduy,et al.  Design and fabrication of materials with desired deformation behavior , 2010, ACM Trans. Graph..

[46]  Chen Zhezheng,et al.  Joint analysis in rapid fabrication of non‐assembly mechanisms , 2011 .

[47]  Jan Kautz,et al.  3D-printing of non-assembly, articulated models , 2012, ACM Trans. Graph..