Zur Wirkung von Bacillus thuringiensis Berl. auf den Kiefernspanner, Bupalus piniarius (L.) Lep., Geometrid.)

Studies on the Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis Berl. on Bupalus piniarius (L.) (Lep., Geom.), Part II. Part II deals with efficiency of the Exotoxin component of Bac. thuringiensis on Bupalus. The mortality of Bupalus larvae (L1) treated with Exotoxin (of Bac. thur. var. thuringiensis) amounted to 100 % after 20 days. The Exotoxin effected a reduction of the turgor of larvae which died within 2 days. No teratological effects were observed. After application of Exotoxin the weight of pupae decreased. On account of UV-irradiation the pathogenity of Bac. thuringiensis was destroyed. Laboratory and field studies showed that not rainfall but high air humidity reduced the adhesiveness of Bacillus spores on the needles. Best results are to expect by bringing out the spores in the morning when air humidity is still high and then decreases. Factors causing differences in sensitivity of Bupalus larvae to Bac. thuringiensis are: age, resistance, locality of population, physiological disposition and stage of development in relation to skinning. There were neither germinatin nor multiplication of Bacillus spores within the intesine of Bupalus larvae. This suppression was effected by 3 antibacterial substances in the needles of P. silvestris separated by chromatographical method.

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